Umayyads
Appeared
In brief
The Prophet ﷺ foretold that the ruin of his ummah would come at the hands of young men from Quraysh, and that after thirty years of caliphate, rule would turn into kingship. Scholars connect these hadith with the Umayyad dynasty, which ruled from 41 to 132 AH.
Abu Hurayrah said he could name those young men if he wanted to. Ibn Hajar and others explain that he meant certain Umayyad rulers starting around the year 60 AH, and Abu Hurayrah prayed to die before that year came. This happened in the first Islamic century and is now history.
The Umayyads also spread Islam from Spain to Sindh, and among them was Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz, whom many scholars count as the first renewer of the religion. Scholars judge rulers by what they did, not by their family.
Abu Hurayrah sought refuge from 'the year sixty and the rule of boys'. Ask Allah for just leaders.
Where it sits in the sequence
Events the narrations foretold that scholars connect with the first centuries of Islam. No single narration puts them in order.
Strongest narrations
Read all in the archive →Tags are automatic and unreviewed.
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُرَيْجُ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ، حَدَّثَنَا حَشْرَجُ بْنُ نُبَاتَةَ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُمْهَانَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي سَفِينَةُ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " الْخِلاَفَةُ فِي أُمَّتِي ثَلاَثُونَ سَنَةً ثُمَّ مُلْكٌ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ " . ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي سَفِينَةُ أَمْسِكْ خِلاَفَةَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَخِلاَفَةَ عُمَرَ وَخِلاَفَةَ عُثْمَانَ . ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي أَمْسِكْ خِلاَفَةَ عَلِيٍّ . قَالَ فَوَجَدْنَاهَا ثَلاَثِينَ سَنَةً . قَالَ سَعِيدٌ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ الْخِلاَفَةَ فِيهِمْ . قَالَ كَذَبُوا بَنُو الزَّرْقَاءِ بَلْ هُمْ مُلُوكٌ مِنْ شَرِّ الْمُلُوكِ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عُمَرَ وَعَلِيٍّ قَالاَ لَمْ يَعْهَدِ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي الْخِلاَفَةِ شَيْئًا . وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ قَدْ رَوَاهُ غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُمْهَانَ وَلاَ نَعْرِفُهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُمْهَانَ .
Sa'eed bin Jumhan narrated:"Safinah narrated to me, he said: 'The Messenger of Allah(s.a.w) said: "Al-Khilafah will be in my Ummah for thirty years, then there will be monarchy after that."' Then Safinah said to me: 'Count the Khilafah of Abu Bakr,' then he said: 'Count the Khilafah of 'Umar and the Khilafah of 'Uthman.' Then he said to me: 'Count the Khilafah of 'Ali."' He said: "So we found that they add up to thirty years." Sa'eed said: "I said to him: 'Banu Umaiyyah claim that the Khilafah is among them.' He said: 'Banu Az-Zarqa' lie, rather they are a monarchy, among the worst of monarchies
Weak and ungraded reports on this sign
59
Shown for study, not as established. Includes Kitab al-Fitan of Nu'aym ibn Hammad, which is ungraded and weak overall.
Not graded under this archive's policy. The verdicts recorded are listed.
أخبرني محمد بن المؤمل بن الحسن، ثنا الفضل بن محمد بن المسيب، ثنا نعيم بن حماد، ثنا يحيى بن سعيد، ثنا الوليد بن عياش، أخو أبي بكر بن عياش، عن إبراهيم، عن علقمة، قال: قال ابن مسعود رضي الله عنه: قال لنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: " أحذركم سبع فتن تكون بعدي: فتنة تقبل من المدينة، وفتنة بمكة، وفتنة تقبل من اليمن، وفتنة تقبل من الشام، وفتنة تقبل من المشرق، وفتنة تقبل من المغرب، وفتنة من بطن الشام وهي السفياني " قال: فقال ابن مسعود: «منكم من يدرك أولها، ومن هذه الأمة من يدرك آخرها» ، قال الوليد بن عياش: «فكانت فتنة المدينة من قبل طلحة والزبير، وفتنة مكة فتنة عبد الله بن الزبير، وفتنة الشام من قبل بني أمية، وفتنة المشرق من قبل هؤلاء» هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه "
No translation yet. Arabic only.
AI draft, not reviewed by an editor. Read the Arabic for the meaning.
Not graded under this archive's policy. The verdicts recorded are listed.
حدثنا أبو العباس محمد بن يعقوب، ثنا أبو عتبة أحمد بن الفرج الحجازي بحمص، ثنا بقية بن الوليد، عن أبي بكر بن أبي مريم، عن راشد بن سعد، عن أبي ذر رضي الله عنه، قال: سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، يقول: «إذا بلغت بنو أمية أربعين، اتخذوا عباد الله خولا، ومال الله نحلا، وكتاب الله دغلا»
No translation yet. Arabic only.
AI draft, not reviewed by an editor. Read the Arabic for the meaning.
Not graded under this archive's policy. The verdicts recorded are listed.
حدثنا أبو بكر محمد بن المؤمل بن الحسن بن عيسى، ثنا الفضل بن محمد الشعراني، ثنا نعيم بن حماد، ثنا بقية بن الوليد، وعبد القدوس بن الحجاج، قالا: ثنا أبو بكر بن أبي مريم، عن راشد بن سعد، عن أبي ذر رضي الله عنه، قال: سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، يقول: «إذا بلغت بنو أمية أربعين اتخذوا عباد الله خولا، ومال الله نحلا، وكتاب الله دغلا» قال أبو بكر بن أبي مريم: وحدثني عمار بن أبي عمار، أنه سمع أبا هريرة رضي الله عنه، يقول: سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: «هلاك هذه الأمة على يدي أغيلمة من قريش» هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين، ولم يخرجاه «ولهذا الحديث توابع وشواهد عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، وصحابته الطاهرين، والأئمة من التابعين، لم يسعني إلا ذكرها فذكرت بعض ما حضرني منها»
No translation yet. Arabic only.
AI draft, not reviewed by an editor. Read the Arabic for the meaning.
Not graded under this archive's policy. The verdicts recorded are listed.
ومنها ما حدثناه أبو بكر محمد بن أحمد بن بالويه، ثنا عبد الله بن أحمد بن حنبل، حدثني أبي، ثنا حجاج بن محمد، ثنا شعبة، عن أبي حمزة، قال: سمعت حميد بن هلال، يحدث، عن عبد الله بن مطرف، عن أبي برزة الأسلمي، قال: «كان أبغض الأحياء إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بنو أمية، وبنو حنيفة، وثقيف» هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين، ولم يخرجاه "
No translation yet. Arabic only.
AI draft, not reviewed by an editor. Read the Arabic for the meaning.
What scholars have said
Scholars cite it as having appeared
Imam Ibn Kathird. 774 AH (701-774 AH)
Collects the reports about the rule of Banu Umayyah, notes that many of them are weak, and records their rule (41-132 AH) as having come about.
al-Bidayah wa'l-Nihayah, Dala'il al-Nubuwwah: reports on Banu Umayyah
Imam Jalaluddin Al-Suyutid. 911 AH (849-911 AH)
Narrates the Umayyad caliphate in full as past history after the thirty years of caliphate.
Tarikh al-Khulafa', the Umayyad caliphs
Present-day data
These numbers show the world today beside the narration. They do not decide whether the sign has appeared; that is shown only through named scholars, in the Scholars' views tab.
Abu Hurayrah narrated: 'The destruction of my ummah will be at the hands of young men of Quraysh' (Sahih al-Bukhari 7058), and said he could name them. Ibn Hajar explains he meant certain Umayyad rulers, the first being Yazid, and that Abu Hurayrah used to seek refuge from 'the year sixty and the rule of boys'. The dynasty ruled from Damascus for about ninety years; under it Islam also reached from al-Andalus to Sindh, and among its caliphs was Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz.
Narrations behind this panel: Sahih al-Bukhari 7058 · Jami' at-Tirmidhi 2226
10 Muharram 61 AH · October 680 CEKarbalaكربلاءKarbala, Iraqal-Husayn ibn Ali, refusing allegiance to Yazid, was surrounded on his way to Kufa with his family and companions.al-Husayn and most of his men were killed
The Prophet's ﷺ grandson was killed on the day of Ashura. Ibn Kathir and Ibn Hajar count the events of Yazid's rule among what Abu Hurayrah feared.
- Linked to the narration by
- Ibn Hajar on Sahih al-Bukhari 7058
63-64 AH · 683 CEal-Harrah and the siege of Makkahوقعة الحرةMadinah and MakkahA Syrian army crushed Madinah's revolt at al-Harrah, then besieged Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr in Makkah; the Ka'bah was damaged by fire.Siege lifted on news of Yazid's death
Many Companions' sons were killed at al-Harrah. Ibn Kathir describes it as one of the gravest events of that age.
- Linked to the narration by
- Ibn Kathir, al-Bidayah
72 AH · 691-692 CEDome of the Rockقبة الصخرةJerusalemAbd al-Malik ibn Marwan built the Dome over the Rock on the Haram.Still standing; the oldest surviving major Islamic building
Abd al-Malik also made Arabic the language of government and minted the first purely Islamic coins (77 AH).
- Linked to the narration by
- Historical record
- Sources
- Wikipedia: Dome of the Rock
92 AH · 711 CEal-Andalus and Sindhالأندلس والسندIberia and the Indus valleyUnder al-Walid I, Tariq ibn Ziyad crossed into Spain and Muhammad ibn al-Qasim entered Sindh in the same years.The caliphate's widest extent
Some scholars connect the campaign in Sindh with the expedition to al-Hind; others hold that hadith refers to a later time. The Umayyad Mosque of Damascus was built in the same reign.
- Linked to the narration by
- Historical record
99-101 AH · 717-720 CEUmar ibn Abd al-Azizعمر بن عبد العزيزDamascusA caliph known for justice and simple living, who returned wrongfully taken property and ended the cursing of Ali from pulpits.Died after two and a half years
Many scholars, among them Ahmad ibn Hanbal, counted him the renewer of the first century. Reports say zakah collectors in some regions found no one poor enough to take it.
- Linked to the narration by
- Ahmad ibn Hanbal, as reported by al-Bayhaqi
- Sources
- Wikipedia: Umar II
132 AH · 750 CEBattle of the Zabمعركة الزابGreat Zab river, northern IraqThe Abbasid army defeated the last Umayyad caliph, Marwan II.Marwan killed in Egypt; the dynasty fell. One prince, Abd al-Rahman, escaped to found the Umayyad state of Cordoba (138 AH)
The Abbasids hunted down most of the Umayyad family after their victory.
- Linked to the narration by
- Historical record
- Sources
- Wikipedia: Battle of the Zab
Read with care
- Hijri dates are as the classical historians give them; Common Era years are converted and may be off by a year. Where historians differ on a date, the commonly cited one is shown.
- Which rulers the 'young men of Quraysh' are is the explanation of Ibn Hajar and others, not a name given in the narration.
Draft: figures and wording await a researcher's check and the scholar board.