Al Fitan

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Minor signs

Sufyani

In brief

The Sufyani is a figure from the descendants of Abu Sufyan. Some reports say he will rise in Sham before the Mahdi, spread oppression, and send an army that the earth swallows up.

It is important to know where these reports come from. There is no narration about the Sufyani in Bukhari, Muslim or any of the six books. The reports come mainly from Nu'aym ibn Hammad's Kitab al-Fitan and al-Hakim's al-Mustadrak, and critics such as al-Dhahabi judged them weak or very weak. Because they are weak, no firm timeline can be built on them, even though they place him before the Mahdi.

What is authentic is a separate hadith in Sahih Muslim about an army that marches against the Ka'bah and is swallowed by the earth, and that hadith does not name its leader. Over the centuries the 'Sufyani' label was pinned on many rulers for political reasons. This site never applies it to any living person or state.

What to do

Build your understanding of the end on what is authentic, and leave what is weak to the specialists.

Where it sits in the sequence

Phase 2 / 7Signs that spread among people

The narrations do not put these in order, and many of them overlap. Sahih al-Bukhari 7121 lists several together.