Al Fitan

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Sahih al-BukhariHadith 7121SahihNarrated by Abu Hurairaصحيح البخاريرقم ٧١٢١

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ "‏ لاَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى تَقْتَتِلَ فِئَتَانِ عَظِيمَتَانِ، يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُمَا مَقْتَلَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ، دَعْوَتُهُمَا وَاحِدَةٌ، وَحَتَّى يُبْعَثَ دَجَّالُونَ كَذَّابُونَ، قَرِيبٌ مِنْ ثَلاَثِينَ، كُلُّهُمْ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، وَحَتَّى يُقْبَضَ الْعِلْمُ، وَتَكْثُرَ الزَّلاَزِلُ، وَيَتَقَارَبَ الزَّمَانُ، وَتَظْهَرَ الْفِتَنُ، وَيَكْثُرَ الْهَرْجُ وَهْوَ الْقَتْلُ، وَحَتَّى يَكْثُرَ فِيكُمُ الْمَالُ فَيَفِيضَ، حَتَّى يُهِمَّ رَبَّ الْمَالِ مَنْ يَقْبَلُ صَدَقَتَهُ، وَحَتَّى يَعْرِضَهُ فَيَقُولَ الَّذِي يَعْرِضُهُ عَلَيْهِ لاَ أَرَبَ لِي بِهِ‏.‏ وَحَتَّى يَتَطَاوَلَ النَّاسُ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ، وَحَتَّى يَمُرَّ الرَّجُلُ بِقَبْرِ الرَّجُلِ فَيَقُولُ يَا لَيْتَنِي مَكَانَهُ‏.‏ وَحَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ مِنْ مَغْرِبِهَا، فَإِذَا طَلَعَتْ وَرَآهَا النَّاسُ ـ يَعْنِي ـ آمَنُوا أَجْمَعُونَ، فَذَلِكَ حِينَ لاَ يَنْفَعُ نَفْسًا إِيمَانُهَا لَمْ تَكُنْ آمَنَتْ مِنْ قَبْلُ، أَوْ كَسَبَتْ فِي إِيمَانِهَا خَيْرًا، وَلَتَقُومَنَّ السَّاعَةُ وَقَدْ نَشَرَ الرَّجُلاَنِ ثَوْبَهُمَا بَيْنَهُمَا، فَلاَ يَتَبَايَعَانِهِ وَلاَ يَطْوِيَانِهِ، وَلَتَقُومَنَّ السَّاعَةُ وَقَدِ انْصَرَفَ الرَّجُلُ بِلَبَنِ لِقْحَتِهِ فَلاَ يَطْعَمُهُ، وَلَتَقُومَنَّ السَّاعَةُ وَهْوَ يُلِيطُ حَوْضَهُ فَلاَ يَسْقِي فِيهِ، وَلَتَقُومَنَّ السَّاعَةُ وَقَدْ رَفَعَ أُكْلَتَهُ إِلَى فِيهِ فَلاَ يَطْعَمُهَا ‏"‏‏.‏

Narrated Abu Huraira:Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Hour will not be established (1) till two big groups fight each other whereupon there will be a great number of casualties on both sides and they will be following one and the same religious doctrine, (2) till about thirty Dajjals (liars) appear, and each one of them will claim that he is Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), (3) till the religious knowledge is taken away (by the death of Religious scholars) (4) earthquakes will increase in number (5) time will pass quickly, (6) afflictions will appear, (7) Al-Harj, (i.e., killing) will increase, (8) till wealth will be in abundance ---- so abundant that a wealthy person will worry lest nobody should accept his Zakat, and whenever he will present it to someone, that person (to whom it will be offered) will say, 'I am not in need of it, (9) till the people compete with one another in constructing high buildings, (10) till a man when passing by a grave of someone will say, 'Would that I were in his place (11) and till the sun rises from the West. So when the sun will rise and the people will see it (rising from the West) they will all believe (embrace Islam) but that will be the time when: (As Allah said,) 'No good will it do to a soul to believe then, if it believed not before, nor earned good (by deeds of righteousness) through its Faith.' (6.158) And the Hour will be established while two men spreading a garment in front of them but they will not be able to sell it, nor fold it up; and the Hour will be established when a man has milked his she-camel and has taken away the milk but he will not be able to drink it; and the Hour will be established before a man repairing a tank (for his livestock) is able to water (his animals) in it; and the Hour will be established when a person has raised a morsel (of food) to his mouth but will not be able to eat it

Grading (tahqiq)

SahihSahih by inclusion in Sahih al-Bukhari

Hadith commentary (sharh)

EN

Scholarly Commentary & Context

Synthesized commentary, isnad grading & cross-references

[Collection & Reference]: Narration #7121 in Sahih al-Bukhari.

[Authenticity & Isnad]: Authentic (Sahih) by consensus of the scholars through its inclusion in the Sahihayn.

[Core Subject]: The Hour (al-Sa'ah) is the moment this world ends. Everything alive dies, the universe is undone, and then comes the resurrection. The Quran mentions it again and again, and the Prophet ﷺ spoke of the signs that come before it.

[Described Characteristics]: It comes suddenly, while people are busy with their lives: one man is selling cloth, another is fixing his water trough, another is lifting food to his mouth, and none of them finishes. Before it come signs, small ones that spread slowly and ten great ones that come close together.

[Timeline & Context]: Only Allah knows. The Quran says its knowledge is with Him alone, and when Jibril asked the Prophet ﷺ, he answered: the one asked knows no more than the one asking. Any date or countdown contradicts this.

[Prophetic Practice]: A man asked, 'When is the Hour?' The Prophet ﷺ asked back, 'What have you prepared for it?' The real question is our own preparation, not the date.

[Core Subject]: One morning the sun will rise from the west. When people see it, everyone will believe, but faith that was not there before will no longer help, and the door of repentance closes.

[Described Characteristics]: The Quran says: 'On the day some of your Lord's signs come, no soul will benefit from its faith if it had not believed before.' The Prophet ﷺ explained that this is the rising of the sun from its place of setting.

[Timeline & Context]: The first of the last signs to appear is either the sun rising from the west or the Beast coming out in the forenoon; whichever comes first, the other follows soon after.

[Prophetic Practice]: Allah stretches out His hand by night for the one who sinned by day, and by day for the one who sinned by night, until the sun rises from the west. Repent today.

[Core Subject]: Among the signs of the Hour: ilm is taken away and ignorance spreads. Ilm here is understanding of the religion and the wisdom to make the right decision, which Allah gives and the scholars carry.

[Described Characteristics]: Allah does not snatch knowledge out of people's chests; He takes it by taking the scholars. When no scholar is left, people take ignorant men as leaders, who give rulings without knowledge, go astray and lead others astray.

[Timeline & Context]: It spreads gradually, alongside other signs that have no fixed order.

[Prophetic Practice]: Learn from living scholars while they are with us, and ask Allah: 'My Lord, increase me in knowledge.'

[Core Subject]: Al-harj means much killing. The Prophet ﷺ said it will increase before the Hour.

[Described Characteristics]: Killing becomes so common that the killer does not know why he killed and the victim does not know why he was killed.

[Timeline & Context]: It spreads among people over time, alongside other signs.

[Prophetic Practice]: In times of fitnah the Prophet ﷺ advised: be like the better of Adam's two sons, the one who is killed rather than the one who kills.

[Core Subject]: The Prophet ﷺ said the Hour will not come until earthquakes become many.

[Described Characteristics]: The narration mentions it in a list with knowledge being taken away and time passing quickly, without further detail.

[Timeline & Context]: It spreads over time and has no fixed place in the order of the signs.

[Prophetic Practice]: When the earth shook in Kufa, Ibn Mas'ud said: 'Your Lord wants you to turn back to Him.'

[Core Subject]: Time draws close: the years, months and days seem to pass ever faster.

[Described Characteristics]: In al-Tirmidhi's narration: a year will be like a month, a month like a week, a week like a day, a day like an hour, and an hour like the burning of a palm leaf.

[Timeline & Context]: It spreads over time, alongside other signs that have no fixed order.

[Prophetic Practice]: 'Take advantage of five before five: your youth before old age, health before sickness, wealth before poverty, free time before busyness, and life before death.'

[Core Subject]: In the famous hadith of Jibril, one of the signs of the Hour is that barefoot, naked, poor shepherds will compete in building tall buildings.

[Described Characteristics]: People who were poor desert herders become wealthy and boast with ever higher buildings.

[Timeline & Context]: It spreads over time and has no fixed place in the order of the signs.

[Prophetic Practice]: Wealth is a test. Build, but without pride or competition for show.

[Core Subject]: Wealth increases until it overflows, and a man goes out with his charity and finds no one to accept it.

[Described Characteristics]: The owner of wealth worries about who will accept his zakah. When he offers it, the other says, 'I have no need of it.'

[Timeline & Context]: It has come in waves: it was seen in the time of Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz, and it will come again in the time of Isa (AS).

[Prophetic Practice]: 'Give charity, for a time will come when a man walks with his charity and finds no one to take it.' Give while it can still be accepted.

[Core Subject]: The Prophet ﷺ said the Hour will not come until about thirty liars (dajjals) appear, each claiming to be a messenger of Allah, though he is the last prophet and there is none after him.

[Described Characteristics]: They are 'small dajjals': liars who lead people astray, as forerunners of the great Dajjal.

[Timeline & Context]: It began in the Prophet's own lifetime and continues across history.

[Prophetic Practice]: Know the finality of prophethood (khatm al-nubuwwah) well; it is a shield against every such claim.

[Core Subject]: 'The Hour will not come until a man passes by another man's grave and says: I wish I were in his place.'

[Described Characteristics]: In a narration in Sahih Muslim he rolls over the grave saying it, and it is not religion that moves him but the hardship of his trials.

[Timeline & Context]: It has no fixed place in the order of the signs.

[Prophetic Practice]: Do not wish for death because of hardship. If you must, say: 'O Allah, keep me alive while life is better for me, and take me when death is better for me.'

[Core Subject]: The Prophet ﷺ foretold the trials that would come after him: the killing of Uthman (RA), and the fighting among the Muslims at the Battle of the Camel (Jamal) and at Siffin.

[Described Characteristics]: He told Uthman he would enter Paradise after a trial that would strike him. He said that 'the rebel group' would kill Ammar ibn Yasir, who was killed at Siffin. He said the Hour would not come until two great groups of Muslims fight with the same claim. He said of al-Hasan that Allah would reconcile two great groups of Muslims through him, which happened in 41 AH.

[Timeline & Context]: These events took place between 35 and 41 AH, and they have passed.

[Prophetic Practice]: Speak well of the Companions, and be like al-Hasan: one who makes peace.

[Core Subject]: The Hour will not come until two great factions fight a fierce war while both lay claim to the same cause.

[Described Characteristics]: Abu Hurayrah narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'The Hour will not be established until two great factions fight one another, between whom there is a great battle, their claim being one' (Sahih al-Bukhari 7121; cf. 3608 and Sahih Muslim 157).

[Timeline & Context]: Among the tribulations (fitan) that unfold over the course of the Ummah's history; it fixes no date.

[Prophetic Practice]: Flee fitnah, hold to the main body of the Muslims, and never let a political claim push you into shedding protected blood.

Commentaries by classical hadith scholars. The Arabic texts are shown as published.