The Hour
In brief
The Hour, al-Sa'ah in Arabic, is the moment this world comes to an end. On that day everything alive dies and the whole universe is undone. After it comes the resurrection, when every person is raised to stand before Allah. The Quran speaks of it again and again, and much of what the Prophet ﷺ taught about the future is about the signs that lead up to it.
It will not arrive slowly. It comes suddenly, while people are busy with ordinary life: one man is spreading out cloth to sell, another is mending the trough where his animals drink, another is lifting food to his mouth, and none of them finishes. Before that day there are signs. Some are small and spread slowly through the generations. Others are ten great signs that come close together right at the end.
When will it come? Only Allah knows. When Jibril asked the Prophet ﷺ, he replied that the one being asked knew no more than the one asking. So any date, countdown or calculation goes against what the Prophet ﷺ himself said. He did say that he and the Hour were sent like two fingers held side by side, and scholars count his coming as the first of the small signs.
A man asked, 'When is the Hour?' The Prophet ﷺ asked back, 'What have you prepared for it?' The real question is our own preparation, not the date.
Where it sits in the sequence
The Hour comes upon the worst of people (Sahih Muslim 2949).
Verses of the Quran
قَدۡ خَسِرَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِلِقَآءِ ٱللَّهِۖ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا جَآءَتۡهُمُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ بَغۡتَةࣰ قَالُواْ يَٰحَسۡرَتَنَا عَلَىٰ مَا فَرَّطۡنَا فِيهَا وَهُمۡ يَحۡمِلُونَ أَوۡزَارَهُمۡ عَلَىٰ ظُهُورِهِمۡۚ أَلَا سَآءَ مَا يَزِرُونَ٣١
31. Those will have lost who deny the meeting with Allah, until when the Hour [of resurrection] comes upon them unexpectedly, they will say, "Oh, [how great is] our regret over what we neglected concerning it," while they bear their burdens on their backs. Unquestionably, evil is that which they bear
يَسۡـَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلسَّاعَةِ أَيَّانَ مُرۡسَىٰهَاۖ قُلۡ إِنَّمَا عِلۡمُهَا عِندَ رَبِّيۖ لَا يُجَلِّيهَا لِوَقۡتِهَآ إِلَّا هُوَۚ ثَقُلَتۡ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ لَا تَأۡتِيكُمۡ إِلَّا بَغۡتَةࣰۗ يَسۡـَٔلُونَكَ كَأَنَّكَ حَفِيٌّ عَنۡهَاۖ قُلۡ إِنَّمَا عِلۡمُهَا عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ١٨٧
187. They ask you, [O Muhammad], about the Hour: when is its arrival? Say, "Its knowledge is only with my Lord. None will reveal its time except Him. It lays heavily upon the heavens and the earth. It will not come upon you except unexpectedly." They ask you as if you are familiar with it. Say, "Its knowledge is only with Allah, but most of the people do not know
أَفَأَمِنُوٓاْ أَن تَأۡتِيَهُمۡ غَٰشِيَةࣱ مِّنۡ عَذَابِ ٱللَّهِ أَوۡ تَأۡتِيَهُمُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ بَغۡتَةࣰ وَهُمۡ لَا يَشۡعُرُونَ١٠٧
107. Then do they feel secure that there will not come to them an overwhelming [aspect] of the punishment of Allah or that the Hour will not come upon them suddenly while they do not perceive
Strongest narrations
Read all in the archive →Tags are automatic and unreviewed.
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو حَيَّانَ التَّيْمِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي زُرْعَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَارِزًا يَوْمًا لِلنَّاسِ، فَأَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ فَقَالَ مَا الإِيمَانُ قَالَ " الإِيمَانُ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ وَبِلِقَائِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ، وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْبَعْثِ ". قَالَ مَا الإِسْلاَمُ قَالَ " الإِسْلاَمُ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ وَلاَ تُشْرِكَ بِهِ، وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلاَةَ، وَتُؤَدِّيَ الزَّكَاةَ الْمَفْرُوضَةَ، وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ ". قَالَ مَا الإِحْسَانُ قَالَ " أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ ". قَالَ مَتَى السَّاعَةُ قَالَ " مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ، وَسَأُخْبِرُكَ عَنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا إِذَا وَلَدَتِ الأَمَةُ رَبَّهَا، وَإِذَا تَطَاوَلَ رُعَاةُ الإِبِلِ الْبُهْمُ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ، فِي خَمْسٍ لاَ يَعْلَمُهُنَّ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ ". ثُمَّ تَلاَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم {إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ} الآيَةَ. ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ فَقَالَ " رُدُّوهُ ". فَلَمْ يَرَوْا شَيْئًا. فَقَالَ " هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَ يُعَلِّمُ النَّاسَ دِينَهُمْ ". قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعَلَ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ مِنَ الإِيمَانِ.
Narrated Abu Huraira: One day while the Prophet (ﷺ) was sitting in the company of some people, (The angel) Gabriel came and asked, "What is faith?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, 'Faith is to believe in Allah, His angels, (the) meeting with Him, His Apostles, and to believe in Resurrection." Then he further asked, "What is Islam?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, "To worship Allah Alone and none else, to offer prayers perfectly to pay the compulsory charity (Zakat) and to observe fasts during the month of Ramadan." Then he further asked, "What is Ihsan (perfection)?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, "To worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you cannot achieve this state of devotion then you must consider that He is looking at you." Then he further asked, "When will the Hour be established?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, "The answerer has no better knowledge than the questioner. But I will inform you about its portents. 1. When a slave (lady) gives birth to her master. 2. When the shepherds of black camels start boasting and competing with others in the construction of higher buildings. And the Hour is one of five things which nobody knows except Allah. The Prophet (ﷺ) then recited: "Verily, with Allah (Alone) is the knowledge of the Hour--." (31. 34) Then that man (Gabriel) left and the Prophet (ﷺ) asked his companions to call him back, but they could not see him. Then the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "That was Gabriel who came to teach the people their religion." Abu 'Abdullah said: He (the Prophet) considered all that as a part of faith
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا فُلَيْحٌ، ح وَحَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ فُلَيْحٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي قَالَ، حَدَّثَنِي هِلاَلُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ بَيْنَمَا النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي مَجْلِسٍ يُحَدِّثُ الْقَوْمَ جَاءَهُ أَعْرَابِيٌّ فَقَالَ مَتَى السَّاعَةُ فَمَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يُحَدِّثُ، فَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ سَمِعَ مَا قَالَ، فَكَرِهَ مَا قَالَ، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَلْ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ، حَتَّى إِذَا قَضَى حَدِيثَهُ قَالَ " أَيْنَ ـ أُرَاهُ ـ السَّائِلُ عَنِ السَّاعَةِ ". قَالَ هَا أَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. قَالَ " فَإِذَا ضُيِّعَتِ الأَمَانَةُ فَانْتَظِرِ السَّاعَةَ ". قَالَ كَيْفَ إِضَاعَتُهَا قَالَ " إِذَا وُسِّدَ الأَمْرُ إِلَى غَيْرِ أَهْلِهِ فَانْتَظِرِ السَّاعَةَ ".
Narrated Abu Huraira:While the Prophet (ﷺ) was saying something in a gathering, a Bedouin came and asked him, "When would the Hour (Doomsday) take place?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) continued his talk, so some people said that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had heard the question, but did not like what that Bedouin had asked. Some of them said that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had not heard it. When the Prophet (ﷺ) finished his speech, he said, "Where is the questioner, who inquired about the Hour (Doomsday)?" The Bedouin said, "I am here, O Allah's Apostle ." Then the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "When honesty is lost, then wait for the Hour (Doomsday)." The Bedouin said, "How will that be lost?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "When the power or authority comes in the hands of unfit persons, then wait for the Hour (Doomsday)
حَدَّثَنَا عِمْرَانُ بْنُ مَيْسَرَةَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ، عَنْ أَبِي التَّيَّاحِ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " إِنَّ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِ السَّاعَةِ أَنْ يُرْفَعَ الْعِلْمُ، وَيَثْبُتَ الْجَهْلُ، وَيُشْرَبَ الْخَمْرُ، وَيَظْهَرَ الزِّنَا ".
Narrated Anas:Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "From among the portents of the Hour are (the following): -1. Religious knowledge will be taken away (by the death of Religious learned men). -2. (Religious) ignorance will prevail. -3. Drinking of Alcoholic drinks (will be very common). -4. There will be prevalence of open illegal sexual intercourse
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، قَالَ لأُحَدِّثَنَّكُمْ حَدِيثًا لاَ يُحَدِّثُكُمْ أَحَدٌ بَعْدِي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ " مِنْ أَشْرَاطِ السَّاعَةِ أَنْ يَقِلَّ الْعِلْمُ، وَيَظْهَرَ الْجَهْلُ، وَيَظْهَرَ الزِّنَا، وَتَكْثُرَ النِّسَاءُ وَيَقِلَّ الرِّجَالُ، حَتَّى يَكُونَ لِخَمْسِينَ امْرَأَةً الْقَيِّمُ الْوَاحِدُ ".
Narrated Anas:I will narrate to you a Hadith and none other than I will tell you about after it. I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saying: From among the portents of the Hour are (the following): -1. Religious knowledge will decrease (by the death of religious learned men). -2. Religious ignorance will prevail. -3. There will be prevalence of open illegal sexual intercourse. -4. Women will increase in number and men will decrease in number so much so that fifty women will be looked after by one man
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الأَعْرَجِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " لاَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى يُقْبَضَ الْعِلْمُ، وَتَكْثُرَ الزَّلاَزِلُ، وَيَتَقَارَبَ الزَّمَانُ، وَتَظْهَرَ الْفِتَنُ، وَيَكْثُرَ الْهَرْجُ ـ وَهْوَ الْقَتْلُ الْقَتْلُ ـ حَتَّى يَكْثُرَ فِيكُمُ الْمَالُ فَيَفِيضُ ".
Narrated Abu Huraira:The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The Hour (Last Day) will not be established until (religious) knowledge will be taken away (by the death of religious learned men), earthquakes will be very frequent, time will pass quickly, afflictions will appear, murders will increase and money will overflow amongst you." (See Hadith No. 85 Vol)
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " لاَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى يَكْثُرَ فِيكُمُ الْمَالُ فَيَفِيضَ، حَتَّى يُهِمَّ رَبَّ الْمَالِ مَنْ يَقْبَلُ صَدَقَتَهُ، وَحَتَّى يَعْرِضَهُ فَيَقُولَ الَّذِي يَعْرِضُهُ عَلَيْهِ لاَ أَرَبَ لِي ".
Narrated Abu Huraira:The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The Hour (Day of Judgment) will not be established till your wealth increases so much so that one will be worried, for no one will accept his Zakat and the person to whom he will give it will reply, 'I am not in need of it
Weak and ungraded reports on this sign
372
Shown for study, not as established. Includes Kitab al-Fitan of Nu'aym ibn Hammad, which is ungraded and weak overall.
Weak report. Shown for study, not as established.
حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ الأَزْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ، حَدَّثَتْنِي طَلْحَةُ أُمُّ غُرَابٍ، عَنْ عَقِيلَةَ، - امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ بَنِي فَزَارَةَ مَوْلاَةٌ لَهُمْ - عَنْ سَلاَمَةَ بِنْتِ الْحُرِّ، أُخْتِ خَرَشَةَ بْنِ الْحُرِّ الْفَزَارِيِّ قَالَتْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ " إِنَّ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِ السَّاعَةِ أَنْ يَتَدَافَعَ أَهْلُ الْمَسْجِدِ لاَ يَجِدُونَ إِمَامًا يُصَلِّي بِهِمْ " .
Narrated Sulamah daughter of al-Hurr: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: One of the signs of the Last Hour will be that people in a mosque will refuse to act as imam and will not find an imam to lead them in prayer
Weak report. Shown for study, not as established.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عِمْرَانُ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ، عَنْ أَبِي عِيَاضٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ إِذَا تَشَهَّدَ قَالَ " الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ نَسْتَعِينُهُ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُهُ وَنَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شُرُورِ أَنْفُسِنَا مَنْ يَهْدِهِ اللَّهُ فَلاَ مُضِلَّ لَهُ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَلاَ هَادِيَ لَهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَرْسَلَهُ بِالْحَقِّ بَشِيرًا وَنَذِيرًا بَيْنَ يَدَىِ السَّاعَةِ مَنْ يُطِعِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ رَشَدَ وَمَنْ يَعْصِهِمَا فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَضُرُّ إِلاَّ نَفْسَهُ وَلاَ يَضُرُّ اللَّهَ شَيْئًا " .
Narrated Abdullah ibn Mas'ud: When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) addressed, he would say: Praise be to Allah, from Whom we seek help and pardon,and we seek refuge in Allah from the evils of our souls. He whom Allah guide has no one who can lead him astray, and he whom He leads astray has no one to guide him. And I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and apostle. He sent him before the coming of the last hour with truth giving good tidings and warning. He who obeys Allah and His Apostle follows the right path; and he who disobeys them shall harm none except himself, and he will not harm Allah in the least
Weak report. Shown for study, not as established.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عِمْرَانُ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ، عَنْ أَبِي عِيَاضٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ إِذَا تَشَهَّدَ ذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ وَقَالَ بَعْدَ قَوْلِهِ " وَرَسُولُهُ " . " أَرْسَلَهُ بِالْحَقِّ بَشِيرًا وَنَذِيرًا بَيْنَ يَدَىِ السَّاعَةِ مَنْ يُطِعِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ رَشَدَ وَمَنْ يَعْصِهِمَا فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَضُرُّ إِلاَّ نَفْسَهُ وَلاَ يَضُرُّ اللَّهَ شَيْئًا " .
Narrated Abdullah ibn Mas'ud: When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) recited the tashahhud....He then narrated the same tradition. In this version after the word "and His Apostle" he added the words: "He has sent him in truth as a bearer of glad tidings and a warner before the Hour. He who obeys Allah and His Prophet is on the right path, and he who disobeys them does not harm anyone except himself, and he does not harm Allah to the least
Weak report. Shown for study, not as established.
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الأَنْصَارِيُّ الأَشْهَلِيُّ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ الْيَمَانِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لاَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى تَقْتُلُوا إِمَامَكُمْ وَتَجْتَلِدُوا بِأَسْيَافِكُمْ وَيَرِثَ دُنْيَاكُمْ شِرَارُكُمْ " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ إِنَّمَا نَعْرِفُهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي عَمْرٍو .
Hudhaifah bin Al-Yaman narrated that the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said:"By the One in Whose Hand is my soul! The Hour will not be established until you fight your A'immah, and you strike each other with your swords, and your world will be inherited by the evilest among you
Bible · Old Testament
Please note: these Bible passages are here for comparison and history only. In Islam, proof comes from the Quran and sahih hadith. Reports taken from earlier scriptures (Isra'iliyyat) are not treated as proof.
Daniel 7:1-28
The Four Beasts, the Arrogant Little Horn (Anti-Christ), and the Son of Man
Daniel sees four great empires emerging from the turbulent sea. From the ten horns of the terrifying fourth beast arises a 'little horn' with human eyes and a mouth speaking pompous blasphemies. This ruler wages war against the holy ones, attempts to alter times and divine laws, and dominates until the Ancient of Days convenes the court, slays the beast, and confers eternal dominion to the Son of Man.
מִשְׂתַּכַּ֨ל הֲוֵ֜ית בְּקַרְנַיָּ֗א וַאֲל֨וּ קֶרֶן֩ אָחֳרִ֨י זְעֵירָ֜ה סִלְקַ֣ת בֵּינֵיהֹ֗ון... וַאֲל֨וּ עַיְנִ֜ין כְּעַיְנֵ֤י אֲנָשָׁא֙ בְּקַרְנָא־דָ֔א וּפֻ֖ם מְמַלִּ֥ל רַבְרְבָֽן׃
While I was considering the horns, behold, another horn, a little one, came up among them... and behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of a man, and a mouth speaking great things.
חָזֵ֨ה הֲוֵ֜ית בְּחֶזְוֵ֣י לֵֽילְיָ֗א וַאֲרוּ֙ עִם־עֲנָנֵ֣י שְׁמַיָּ֔א כְּבַ֥ר אֱנָ֖שׁ אָתֵ֣ה הֲוָ֑ה... וְלֵ֨הּ יְהִ֤יב שָׁלְטָן֙ וִיקָ֣ר וּמַלְכ֔וּ וְכֹ֣ל עַֽמְמַיָּ֠א אֻמַיָּ֧א וְלִשָּׁנַיָּ֛א לֵ֥הּ יִפְלְח֑וּן
I saw in the night visions, and behold, there came with the clouds of the sky one like a son of man... There was given him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all the peoples, nations, and languages should serve him.
וּמִלִּ֗ין לְצַ֤ד עִלָּאָה֙ יְמַלִּ֔ל וּלְקַדִּישֵׁ֥י עֶלְיֹונִ֖ין יְבַלֵּ֑א וְיִסְבַּ֗ר לְהַשְׁנָיָה֙ זִמְנִ֣ין וְדָ֔ת וְיִתְיַהֲב֣וּן בִּידֵ֔הּ עַד־עִדָּ֥ן וְעִדָּנִ֖ין וּפְלַ֥ג עִדָּֽן׃
He will speak words against the Most High, and will wear out the saints of the Most High; and he will think to change the times and the law; and they will be given into his hand until a time, times, and half a time.
Daniel 9:24-27; 11:31-36; 12:1-3
The Abomination of Desolation in the Sanctuary, Great Tribulation, and Resurrection
Gabriel reveals the timeline of seventy weeks decreed for Jerusalem and the Holy Sanctuary. A ruthless prince breaks covenant, halts the daily sacrifices, and sets up the 'abomination that makes desolate' upon the wing of the temple. Chapter 12 foretells an unprecedented time of anguish, Archangel Michael arising, deliverance of those written in the book, and the bodily resurrection of the dead to everlasting life or everlasting contempt.
וְהִגְבִּ֥יר בְּרִ֛ית לָרַבִּ֖ים שָׁב֣וּעַ אֶחָ֑ד וַחֲצִ֨י הַשָּׁב֜וּעַ יַשְׁבִּ֣ית׀ זֶ֣בַח וּמִנְחָ֗ה וְעַ֨ל כְּנַ֤ף שִׁקּוּצִים֙ מְשֹׁמֵ֔ם וְעַד־כָּלָה֙ וְנֶ֣חֱרָצָ֔ה תִּתַּ֖ךְ עַל־שֹׁמֵֽם׃
He will confirm a covenant with many for one week; and in the middle of the week he will cause the sacrifice and the offering to cease. On the wing of abominations will come one who makes desolate, until the full decreed end is poured out.
וּבָעֵ֣ת הַהִיא֩ יַעֲמֹ֨ד מִֽיכָאֵ֜ל הַשַּׂ֣ר הַגָּד֗וֹל... וְהָיְתָ֤ה עֵת֙ צָרָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־נִהְיְתָה֙ מִֽהְי֣וֹת גּ֔וֹי עַ֖ד הָעֵ֣ת הַהִ֑יא... וְרַבִּ֕ים מִיְּשֵׁנֵ֥י אַדְמַת־עָפָ֖ר יָקִ֑יצוּ אֵ֚לֶּה לְחַיֵּ֣י עוֹלָ֔ם וְאֵ֥לֶּה לַחֲרָפ֖וֹת לְדִרְא֥וֹן עוֹלָֽם׃
At that time Michael will stand up, the great prince who stands for the children of your people; and there will be a time of trouble, such as never was... Many of those who sleep in the dust of the earth will awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt.
Ezekiel 38:1-39:29
The War of Gog and Magog (Yajuj wa Majuj): Invasion and Divine Annihilation
Ezekiel is commanded to prophesy against Gog, of the land of Magog, the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal. In the latter days, Gog amasses a vast coalition from the remote north, riding horses like a tempest covering the land to plunder a restored, peaceful people. God unleashes catastrophic divine fury: catastrophic earthquakes collapsing mountains, pestilence, torrential rain, hailstones, and brimstone. The invaders' weapons serve as fuel for seven years, and seven months are spent burying their corpses in the Valley of Hamon-Gog.
בְּאַחֲרִ֨ית הַשָּׁנִ֜ים תָּב֣וֹא אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ׀ מְשׁוֹבֶ֣בֶת מֵחֶ֗רֶב מְקֻבֶּ֙צֶת֙ מֵעַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים עַ֚ל הָרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל... וְעָלִ֙יתָ֙ כַּשֹּׁאָ֣ה תָב֔וֹא כֶּעָנָ֛ן לְכַסּ֥וֹת הָאָ֖רֶץ תִּהְיֶ֑ה אַתָּה֙ וְכָל־אֲגַפֶּ֔יךָ וְעַמִּ֥ים רַבִּ֖ים אוֹתָֽךְ׃
In the latter years you will come into the land that is gathered out of many peoples, on the mountains of Israel... You will advance like a storm; you will be like a cloud covering the land, you, and all your hordes, and many peoples with you.
וְנִשְׁפַּטְתִּ֥י אִתּ֖וֹ בְּדֶ֣בֶר וּבְדָ֑ם וְגֶ֣שֶׁם שׁוֹטֵף֩ וְאַבְנֵ֨י אֶלְגָּבִ֜ישׁ אֵ֣שׁ וְגָפְרִ֗ית אַמְטִ֤יר עָלָיו֙ וְעַל־אֲגַפָּ֔יו וְעַל־עַמִּ֥ים רַבִּ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתּֽוֹ׃
I will enter into judgment with him with pestilence and with blood. I will rain on him, and on his hordes, and on the many peoples who are with him, an overflowing shower, and great hailstones, fire, and brimstone.
וְיָצְא֞וּ יֹשְׁבֵ֣י עָרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וּבִעֲר֣וּ וְ֠הִשִּׂיקוּ בְּנֶ֨שֶׁק וּמָגֵ֤ן וְצִנָּה֙ בְּקֶ֣שֶׁת וּבְחִצִּ֔ים וּבְמַקֵּ֥ל יָ֖ד וּבְרֹ֑מַח וּבִעֲר֥וּ בָהֶ֛ם אֵ֖שׁ שֶׁ֥בַע שָׁנִֽים׃
Those who dwell in the cities of Israel will go out, and will make fires of the weapons and burn them: both the shields and the bucklers, the bows and the arrows, the war clubs and the spears, and they will burn them with fire for seven years.
Ezekiel 40:1-4; 43:1-7; 47:1-12
The Vision of the Restored Third / Millennial Temple and the River of Life
Ezekiel is taken in heavenly vision to a very high mountain in the land of Israel where a celestial architect measures every dimension of a magnificent new Temple compound. In chapter 43, the Glory of the God of Israel returns through the East Gate like the sound of many waters, entering the sanctuary to dwell forever. In chapter 47, living healing waters flow out from under the threshold of the Temple, swelling into a deep river that transforms the Dead Sea into fresh water, with healing fruit trees lining its banks.
וְהִנֵּ֗ה כְּב֛וֹד אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בָּ֣א מִדֶּ֣רֶךְ הַקָּדִ֑ים וְקוֹל֗וֹ כְּקוֹל֙ מַ֣יִם רַבִּ֔ים וְהָאָ֖רֶץ הֵאִ֥ירָה מִכְּבֹדֽוֹ׃
Behold, the glory of the God of Israel came from the way of the east. His voice was like the sound of many waters; and the earth shone with his glory.
וַיְשִׁבֵנִי֮ אֶל־פֶּ֣תַח הַבַּיִת֒ וְהִנֵּה־מַ֣יִם יֹצְאִ֗ים מִתַּ֨חַת מִפְתַּ֤ן הַבַּ֙יִת֙ קָדִ֔ימָה כִּֽי־פְנֵ֥י הַבַּ֖יִת קָדִ֑ים וְהַמַּ֣יִם יֹרְדִ֗ים מִתַּ֜חַת מִכֶּ֤תֶף הַבַּ֙יִת֙ הַיְמָנִ֔ית מִנֶּ֖גֶב לַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃
He brought me back to the door of the house; and behold, waters issued out from under the threshold of the house eastward; for the forefront of the house faced toward the east. The waters came down from under, from the right side of the house, on the south of the altar.
Zechariah 12:1-14; 14:1-21
The Siege of Jerusalem, the Mount of Olives Splitting, and Universal Kingship
Zechariah prophesies that Jerusalem will become an immovable rock and a cup of trembling to all the surrounding nations. In chapter 14, all nations are gathered against Jerusalem to battle; half the city is captured. Then the Lord intervenes: His feet will stand on the Mount of Olives east of Jerusalem, and the mount will split in two from east to west, forming a very great valley. A unique day arrives, neither day nor night, living waters flow out from Jerusalem, and the Lord becomes King over all the earth.
וְהָיָ֣ה בַיּוֹם־הַה֗וּא אָ֠שִׂים אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֞ם אֶ֤בֶן מַֽעֲמָסָה֙ לְכָל־הָ֣עַמִּ֔ים כָּל־עֹמְסֶ֖יהָ שָׂר֣וֹט יִשָּׂרֵ֑טוּ וְנֶאֶסְפ֣וּ עָלֶ֔יהָ כֹּ֖ל גּוֹיֵ֥י הָאָֽרֶץ׃
It will happen in that day that I will make Jerusalem a burdensome stone for all the peoples. All who burden themselves with it will be severely wounded, and all the nations of the earth will be gathered together against it.
וְעָמְד֣וּ רַגְלָ֣יו בַּיּוֹם־הַה֡וּא עַל־הַר֩ הַזֵּיתִ֨ים אֲשֶׁ֧ר עַל־פְּנֵי֩ יְרוּשָׁלִַ֨ם מִקֶּ֜דֶם וְנִבְקַע֩ הַ֨ר הַזֵּיתִ֤ים מֵחֶצְיוֹ֙ מִזְרָ֣חָה וָיָ֔מָּה גֵּ֖יא גְּדוֹלָ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד
His feet will stand in that day on the Mount of Olives, which is before Jerusalem on the east; and the Mount of Olives will be split in two, from east to west, making a very great valley.
וְהָיָ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה לְמֶ֖לֶךְ עַל־כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא יִהְיֶ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה אֶחָ֖ד וּשְׁמ֥וֹ אֶחָֽד׃
The Lord will be King over all the earth. In that day the Lord will be one, and his name one.
Isaiah 2:1-4; 11:1-9; 26:19
The Exalted Mountain of Zion, Messianic Peace among Predators, and Bodily Resurrection
Isaiah envisions the Mountain of the Lord's house established as the highest of mountains in the latter days, with nations beating swords into plowshares and renouncing war. Chapter 11 foretells a Davidic Messianic ruler under whose righteous reign the wolf dwells with the lamb and the leopard with the goat. Chapter 26:19 provides an explicit affirmation of bodily resurrection: 'Your dead will live; their bodies will rise. Awake and sing, you who dwell in the dust!'
וְשָׁפַט֙ בֵּ֣ין הַגּוֹיִ֔ם וְהוֹכִ֖יחַ לְעַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים וְכִתְּת֨וּ חַרְבוֹתָ֜ם לְאִתִּ֗ים וַחֲנִיתֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ לְמַזְמֵר֔וֹת לֹא־יִשָּׂ֨א ג֤וֹי אֶל־גּוֹי֙ חֶ֔רֶב וְלֹֽא־יִלְמְד֥וּ ע֖וֹד מִלְחָמָֽה׃
He will judge between the nations, and will decide concerning many peoples; and they will beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks. Nation will not lift up sword against nation, neither will they learn war any more.
וְגָ֤ר זְאֵב֙ עִם־כֶּ֔בֶשׂ וְנָמֵ֖ר עִם־גְּדִ֣י יִרְבָּ֑ץ וְעֵ֨גֶל וּכְפִ֤יר וּמְרִיא֙ יַחְדָּ֔ו וְנַ֥עַר קָטֹ֖ן נֹהֵ֥ג בָּֽם׃
The wolf will live with the lamb, and the leopard will lie down with the young goat; the calf, the young lion, and the fattened calf together; and a little child will lead them.
יִֽחְי֥וּ מֵתֶ֛יךָ נְבֵלָתִ֖י יְקוּמ֑וּן הָקִ֨יצוּ וְרַנְּנ֜וּ שֹׁכְנֵ֣י עָפָ֗ר כִּ֣י טַ֤ל אוֹרֹת֙ טַלֶּ֔ךָ וָאָ֖רֶץ רְפָאִ֥ים תַּפִּֽיל׃
Your dead will live. Their bodies will rise. Awake and sing, you who dwell in the dust; for your dew is like the dew of herbs, and the earth will cast forth the dead.
Joel 2:28-32; 3:1-16
Wonders in Heaven and Earth: Blood, Fire, Smoke, and Judgment in the Valley of Jehoshaphat
The prophet Joel foretells the pouring out of God's Spirit and cosmic portents preceding the great and terrible Day of the Lord: blood, fire, and columns of smoke, with the sun turning dark and the moon into blood. In chapter 3, all nations are summoned to the Valley of Jehoshaphat (directly outside Jerusalem's Temple Mount) where God sits to judge the earth.
וְנָֽתַתִּי֙ מֽוֹפְתִ֔ים בַּשָּׁמַ֖יִם וּבָאָ֑רֶץ דָּ֣ם וָאֵ֔שׁ וְתִֽימֲר֖וֹת עָשָֽׁן׃ הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ יֵהָפֵ֣ךְ לְחֹ֔שֶׁךְ וְהַיָּרֵ֖חַ לְדָ֑ם לִפְנֵ֗י בּ֚וֹא י֣וֹם יְהוָ֔ה הַגָּד֖וֹל וְהַנּוֹרָֽא׃
I will show wonders in the heavens and in the earth: blood, fire, and pillars of smoke. The sun will be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and terrible day of the Lord comes.
יֵע֧וֹרוּ וְיַעֲל֛וּ הַגּוֹיִ֖ם אֶל־עֵ֣מֶק יְהוֹשָׁפָ֑ט כִּ֣י שָׁ֗ם אֵשֵׁ֛ב לִשְׁפֹּ֥ט אֶת־כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֖ם מִסָּבִֽיב׃
Let the nations arouse themselves, and come up to the valley of Jehoshaphat; for there I will sit to judge all the surrounding nations.
Psalms 2:1-12; 110:1-7; 132:13-14
The Messianic King on Mount Zion and the Eternal Promises of Jerusalem
The Royal Psalms declare God's decree installing His Anointed King (Mashiach) upon Mount Zion, His holy hill, dashing rebel kings like clay pots. Psalm 110 foretells the Lord commanding the Messiah to rule from Zion in the midst of his enemies until they become his footstool. Psalm 132 affirms: 'For the Lord has chosen Zion; He has desired it for His habitation: This is My resting place forever; here will I dwell.'
וַאֲנִי֮ נָסַ֪כְתִּי מַ֫לְכִּ֥י עַל־צִ֝יּ֗וֹן הַר־קָדְשִֽׁי׃
Yet I have set my King on my holy hill of Zion.
נְאֻ֤ם יְהוָ֨ה׀ לַֽאדֹנִ֗י שֵׁ֥ב לִימִינִ֑י עַד־אָשִׁ֥ית אֹ֝יְבֶ֗יךָ הֲדֹ֣ם לְרַגְלֶֽיךָ׃ מַטֵּ֧ה־עֻזְּךָ֗ יִשְׁלַ֣ח יְ֭הוָה מִצִּיּ֑וֹן רְ֝דֵ֗ה בְּקֶ֣רֶב אֹיְבֶֽיךָ׃
The Lord says to my Lord, 'Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool.' The Lord will send out the rod of your strength out of Zion. Rule in the middle of your enemies.
Daniel 2:31-45
Nebuchadnezzar's Dream of the Four-Metal Statue and the Stone Cut Without Hands
King Nebuchadnezzar dreams of an immense, dazzling statue with a head of gold, chest of silver, thighs of bronze, legs of iron, and feet of iron mixed with clay. A stone is cut out without human hands, strikes the feet of the statue, shattering the whole structure like chaff blown away by the summer wind. The stone then becomes a great mountain that fills the entire earth, symbolizing an everlasting divine kingdom that will crush and consume all worldly empires.
חָזֵ֣ה הֲוַ֗יְתָ עַ֠ד דִּי הִתְגְּזֶ֨רֶת אֶ֜בֶן דִּי־לָ֣א בִידַ֗יִן וּמְחָ֤ת לְצַלְמָא֙ עַל־רַגְלֹ֔והִי דִּ֥י פַרְזְלָ֖א וְחַסְפָּ֑א וְהַדֶּ֖קֶת הִמֹּֽון׃ בֵּאדַ֣יִן דָּ֣קוּ כַחֲדָ֡ה פַּרְזְלָא֩ חַסְפָּ֨א נְחָשָׁ֜א כַּסְפָּ֣א וְדַהֲבָ֗א... וְאַבְנָ֞א דִּֽי־מְחָ֥ת לְצַלְמָ֛א הֲוָ֥ת לְט֥וּר רַ֖ב וּמְלָ֥את כָּל־אַרְעָֽא׃
You watched until a stone was cut out without hands, which struck the image on its feet of iron and clay, and broke them in pieces. Then the iron, clay, bronze, silver, and gold were broken in pieces together... and the stone that struck the image became a great mountain and filled the whole earth.
וּבְיֹומֵיהֹ֠ון דִּ֣י מַלְכַיָּ֣א אִנּ֗וּן יְקִים֩ אֱלָ֨הּ שְׁמַיָּ֤א מַלְכוּ֙ דִּ֤י לְעָלְמִין֙ לָ֣א תִתְחַבַּ֔ל וּמַלְכוּתָ֕ה לְעַ֥ם אָחֳרִ֖ין לָ֣א תִשְׁתְּבִ֑ק תַּדִּ֤ק וְתָסֵיף֙ כָּל־אִלֵּ֣ין מַלְכְוָתָ֔א וְהִ֖יא תְּק֥וּם לְעָלְמַיָּֽא׃
In the days of those kings the God of heaven will set up a kingdom which will never be destroyed, nor will its sovereignty be left to another people; but it will break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, and it will stand forever.
Isaiah 24:1-23
The Isaiah Apocalypse: Cosmic Devastation, the Earth Staggering like a Drunkard
Isaiah foretells the complete physical emptying and dissolution of the earth because humanity has transgressed the laws and broken the everlasting covenant. The earth languishes, joy is silenced, and the inhabitants are burned until few remain. In that day, the Lord will punish the host of heaven on high and the kings of the earth below; they will be gathered together as prisoners in a pit, and the moon will be confounded and the sun ashamed when the Lord of hosts reigns on Mount Zion.
רֹ֥עָה הִתְרֹעֲעָ֖ה הָאָ֑רֶץ פֹּ֤ור הִֽתְפּוֹרְרָה֙ אֶ֔רֶץ מֹ֥וט הִתְמֹוטְטָ֖ה אָֽרֶץ׃ נֹ֣ועַ תָּנ֤וּעַ אֶ֙רֶץ֙ כַּשִּׁכֹּ֔ור וְהִֽתְנוֹדְדָ֖ה כַּמְּלוּנָ֑ה וְכָבַ֤ד עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ פִּשְׁעָ֔הּ וְנָפְלָ֖ה וְלֹא־תֹסִ֥יף קֽוּם׃
The earth is utterly broken. The earth is torn apart. The earth is shaken violently. The earth will stagger like a drunken man, and will sway like a hammock. Its disobedience will be heavy on it, and it will fall, and will not rise again.
וְחָֽפְרָה֙ הַלְּבָנָ֔ה וּבוֹשָׁ֖ה הַֽחַמָּ֑ה כִּֽי־מָלַ֞ךְ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָאֹ֗ות בְּהַ֤ר צִיֹּון֙ וּבִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְנֶ֥גֶד זְקֵנָ֖יו כָּבֹֽוד׃
Then the moon will be confounded, and the sun ashamed; for the Lord of hosts will reign on Mount Zion, and in Jerusalem, and glory will be before his elders.
Malachi 3:1-3; 4:1-6 [MT 3:19-24]
The Refiner's Fire, the Day Burning like an Oven, and the Return of Elijah the Prophet
The final book of the Old Testament foretells the coming of the Lord's messenger to prepare the way, followed suddenly by the Lord Himself coming to His temple. But who can endure the day of His coming? He is like a refiner's fire and fuller's soap. Chapter 4 describes the Great Day: 'burning like an oven, when all the proud and evildoers will be stubble.' Before that terrible Day arrives, God promises to send Elijah the prophet to turn the hearts of the parents to children and children to parents, lest the earth be struck with a curse.
כִּֽי־הִנֵּ֤ה הַיֹּום֙ בָּ֔א בֹּעֵ֖ר כַּתַּנּ֑וּר וְהָי֨וּ כָל־זֵדִ֜ים וְכָל־עֹשֵׂ֤ה רִשְׁעָה֙ קַ֔שׁ וְלִהַ֨ט אֹתָ֜ם הַיֹּ֣ום הַבָּ֗א...
For behold, the day comes, it burns like a furnace; and all the proud, and all who work wickedness, will be stubble; and the day that comes will burn them up, says the Lord of hosts...
הִנֵּ֧ה אָנֹכִ֛י שֹׁלֵ֣חַ לָכֶ֔ם אֵ֖ת אֵלִיָּ֣ה הַנָּבִ֑יא לִפְנֵ֗י בֹּ֚וא יֹ֣ום יְהוָ֔ה הַגָּדֹ֖ול וְהַנֹּורָֽא׃
Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the great and terrible day of the Lord comes.
Bible · New Testament
Please note: these Bible passages are here for comparison and history only. In Islam, proof comes from the Quran and sahih hadith. Reports taken from earlier scriptures (Isra'iliyyat) are not treated as proof.
Matthew 24:1-44 (cf. Mark 13, Luke 21)
The Olivet Discourse: Signs of the End of the Age and the Temple's Destruction
Sitting on the Mount of Olives opposite the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, Jesus is asked by his disciples: 'What will be the sign of your coming, and of the end of the age?' He details the birth pangs of the end: false messiahs, wars and rumors of wars, nation rising against nation, famines, pestilences, and earthquakes in various places. He warns of severe persecution, love growing cold, and the gospel being preached in all the world. He points to Daniel's 'abomination of desolation' standing in the holy place, followed by unprecedented tribulation, celestial collapse, and the Son of Man descending with power and great glory on the clouds of heaven with a great trumpet sound.
μελλήσετε δὲ ἀκούειν πολέμους καὶ ἀκοὰς πολέμων· ὁρᾶτε μὴ θροεῖσθε· δεῖ γὰρ γενέσθαι, ἀλλ’ οὔπω ἐστὶν τὸ τέλος. ἐγερθήσεται γὰρ ἔθνος ἐπὶ ἔθνος καὶ βασιλεία ἐπὶ βασιλείαν, καὶ ἔσονται λιμοὶ καὶ σεισμοὶ κατὰ τόπους·
You will hear of wars and rumors of wars. See that you aren't troubled, for all this must happen, but the end is not yet. For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom; and there will be famines, plagues, and earthquakes in various places.
Ὅταν οὖν ἴδητε τὸ βδέλυγμα τῆς ἐρημώσεως τὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ Δανιὴλ τοῦ προφήτου ἑστὸς ἐν τόπῳ ἁγίῳ, ὁ ἀναγινώσκων νοείτω,
When, therefore, you see the abomination of desolation, which was spoken of through Daniel the prophet, standing in the holy place (let the reader understand)...
καὶ τότε φανήσεται τὸ σημεῖον τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐν οὐρανῷ... καὶ ὄψονται τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐρχόμενον ἐπὶ τῶν νεφελῶν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ μετὰ δυνάμεως καὶ δόξης πολλῆς·
Then the sign of the Son of Man will appear in heaven... and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory.
2 Thessalonians 2:1-12
The Man of Lawlessness (Anti-Christ) Seated in the Temple of God
Paul insists to the Thessalonians that the Day of the Lord cannot occur until the great apostasy takes place and the 'Man of Lawlessness' (Son of Destruction) is unveiled. This arch-deceiver opposes and exalts himself above every god or object of worship, going so far as to take his seat in the Temple of God, proclaiming that he himself is God. He performs counterfeit miracles and deceptive signs under Satan's power, until the Lord Jesus slays him with the breath of his mouth and annihilates him by the splendor of his coming.
μή τις ὑμᾶς ἐξαπατήσῃ κατὰ μηδένα τρόπον· ὅτι ἐὰν μὴ ἔλθῃ ἡ ἀποστασία πρῶτον καὶ ἀποκαλυφθῇ ὁ ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἀνομίας, ὁ υἱὸς τῆς ἀπωλείας, ὁ ἀντικείμενος καὶ ὑπεραιρόμενος ἐπὶ πάντα λεγόμενον θεὸν ἢ σέβασμα, ὥστε αὐτὸν εἰς τὸν ναὸν τοῦ θεοῦ καθίσαι, ἀποδεικνύντα ἑαυτὸν ὅτι ἔστιν θεός.
Let no one deceive you in any way. For that day will not come unless the rebellion comes first, and the man of lawlessness is revealed, the son of destruction, who opposes and exalts himself against all that is called God or that is worshiped; so that he sits as God in the temple of God, setting himself up as God.
καὶ τότε ἀποκαλυφθήσεται ὁ ἄνομος, ὃν ὁ κύριος Ἰησοῦς ἀνελεῖ τῷ πνεύματι τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ καὶ καταργήσει τῇ ἐπιφανείᾳ τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ,
Then the lawless one will be revealed, whom the Lord will kill with the breath of his mouth, and destroy by the manifestation of his coming.
1 John 2:18-22; 4:1-3
The Last Hour and the Spirit of the Antichrist (Antichristos)
John writes to believers: 'Little children, it is the last hour! As you have heard that Antichrist is coming, even now many antichrists have appeared. By this we know that it is the last hour.' He defines the Antichrist as anyone who denies the Father and the Son, or denies that Jesus has come in the flesh.
Παιδία, ἐσχάτη ὥρα ἐστίν, καὶ καθὼς ἠκούσατε ὅτι ἀντίχριστος ἔρχεται, καὶ νῦν ἀντίχριστοι πολλοὶ γεγόνασιν· ὅθεν γινώσκομεν ὅτι ἐσχάτη ὥρα ἐστίν.
Little children, it is the last hour! As you have heard that Antichrist is coming, even now many antichrists have arisen. By this we know that it is the last hour.
Revelation 9:13-21
The Sixth Trumpet: The Four Angels Bound at the River Euphrates Released
The sixth angel blows his trumpet, and a voice from the golden altar commands: 'Release the four angels who are bound at the great river Euphrates!' These four angels, prepared for the specific hour, day, month, and year, are unleashed to slaughter one third of mankind with an apocalyptic cavalry of 200 million horsemen with breastplates of fire, smoke, and sulfur.
λέγοντα τῷ ἕκτῳ ἀγγέλῳ, ὁ ἔχων τὴν σάλπιγγα· Λῦσον τοὺς τέσσαρας ἀγγέλους τοὺς δεδεμένους ἐπὶ τῷ ποταμῷ τῷ μεγάλῳ Εὐφράτῃ. καὶ ἐλύθησαν οἱ τέσσαρες ἄγγελοι οἱ ἡτοιμασμένοι εἰς τὴν ὥραν καὶ ἡμέραν καὶ μῆνα καὶ ἐνιαυτόν, ἵνα ἀποκτείνωσιν τὸ τρίτον τῶν ἀνθρώπων.
Saying to the sixth angel who had the trumpet, 'Free the four angels who are bound at the great river Euphrates!' So the four angels were released, who had been prepared for the hour and day and month and year, that they might kill one third of mankind.
Revelation 11:1-14
Measuring the Temple of God and the Two Witnesses in Jerusalem
John is commanded to measure the Temple of God, the altar, and its worshipers, while leaving out the outer court to be trampled by the nations for forty-two months. God empowers His Two Witnesses to prophesy in Jerusalem for 1,260 days in sackcloth, striking the earth with drought and plagues. The Beast from the abyss murders them, and their corpses lie in the street of the great city (Jerusalem) for three and a half days until God resurrects them to ascend into heaven in a cloud.
Καὶ ἐδόθη μοι κάλαμος ὅμοιος ῥάβδῳ, λέγων· Ἔγειρε καὶ μέτρησον τὸν ναὸν τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον καὶ τοὺς προσκυνοῦντας ἐν αὐτῷ. καὶ τὴν αὐλὴν τὴν ἔξωθεν τοῦ ναοῦ ἔκβαλε ἔξωθεν καὶ μὴ αὐτὴν μετρήσῃς, ὅτι ἐδόθη τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, καὶ τὴν πόλιν τὴν ἁγίαν πατήσουσιν μῆνας τεσσεράκοντα δύο.
A reed like a rod was given to me. Someone said, 'Rise and measure God's temple, and the altar, and those who worship in it. Leave out the court which is outside of the temple... for it has been given to the nations; and they will tread the holy city under foot for forty-two months.'
Revelation 13:1-18
The Beast from the Sea, the Beast from the Earth, and the Number 666
A blasphemous seven-headed beast arises out of the sea, given global dominion by the dragon (Satan) for forty-two months to persecute the saints. A second beast rises from the earth, performing deceptive wonders (even making fire fall from heaven) and coercing all humanity to take a mark on their right hand or forehead (666) to buy or sell.
καὶ ἐδόθη αὐτῷ στόμα λαλοῦν μεγάλα καὶ βλασφημίας, καὶ ἐδόθη αὐτῷ ἐξουσία ποιῆσαι μῆνας τεσσεράκοντα δύο.
There was given to him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemy, and he was given authority to make war for forty-two months.
ὧδε ἡ σοφία ἐστίν· ὁ ἔχων νοῦν ψηφισάτω τὸν ἀριθμὸν τοῦ θηρίου, ἀριθμὸς γὰρ ἀνθρώπου ἐστίν· καὶ ὁ ἀριθμὸς αὐτοῦ ἑξακόσιοι ἑξήκοντα ἕξ.
Here is wisdom. He who has understanding, let him calculate the number of the beast, for it is the number of a man. His number is six hundred sixty-six.
Revelation 16:12-16; 19:11-21
Drying of the Euphrates, the Battle of Armageddon, and the King of Kings
The sixth angel empties his bowl upon the great river Euphrates, drying up its waters to pave the way for the kings of the East. Demonic spirits gather all world powers to battle at Armageddon (Megiddo in Palestine). Heaven opens, and Christ descends on a white horse, striking the nations with the sword of his mouth and casting the Beast into the lake of fire.
Καὶ ὁ ἕκτος ἐξέχεεν τὴν φιάλην αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὸν ποταμὸν τὸν μέγαν τὸν Εὐφράτην· καὶ ἐξηράνθη τὸ ὕδωρ αὐτοῦ, ἵνα ἑτοιμασθῇ ἡ ὁδὸς τῶν βασιλέων τῶν ἀπὸ ἀνατολῆς ἡλίου.
The sixth poured out his bowl on the great river, the Euphrates. Its water was dried up, that the way might be prepared for the kings that come from the sunrise.
καὶ συνήγαγεν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸν τόπον τὸν καλούμενον Ἑβραϊστὶ Ἁρμαγεδών.
They gathered them together into the place which is called in Hebrew, Armageddon.
Revelation 20:1-15; 21:1-4
The Millennium, Gog and Magog Besieging the Beloved City, and the New Jerusalem
Satan is bound for a thousand years while Christ reigns with the resurrected martyrs. When the thousand years expire, Satan is loosed to deceive the nations at the four corners of the earth, Gog and Magog, marshaling an army vast as the sand of the sea. They surround the beloved city (Jerusalem), but divine fire descends from heaven and consumes them. The Great White Throne Judgment convenes, the books are opened, the dead are judged according to their works, and a New Jerusalem descends from heaven where death, mourning, and tears are eradicated forever.
Καὶ ὅταν τελεσθῇ τὰ χίλια ἔτη, λυθήσεται ὁ Σατανᾶς ἐκ τῆς φυλακῆς αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐξελεύσεται πλανῆσαι τὰ ἔθνη τὰ ἐν ταῖς τέσσαρσιν γωνίαις τῆς γῆς, τὸν Γὼγ καὶ Μαγώγ, συναγαγεῖν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸν πόλεμον, ὧν ὁ ἀριθμὸς αὐτῶν ὡς ἡ ἄμμος τῆς θαλάσσης. καὶ ἀνέβησαν ἐπὶ τὸ πλάτος τῆς γῆς καὶ ἐκύκλευσαν τὴν παρεμβολὴν τῶν ἁγίων καὶ τὴν πόλιν τὴν ἠγαπημένην. καὶ κατέβη πῦρ ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ κατέφαγεν αὐτούς·
When the thousand years have expired, Satan will be released from his prison, and will come out to deceive the nations which are in the four corners of the earth, Gog and Magog, to gather them together to the war; the number of whom is as the sand of the sea. They went up over the width of the earth, and surrounded the camp of the saints, and the beloved city. Fire came down out of heaven from God, and devoured them.
καὶ τὴν πόλιν τὴν ἁγίαν Ἰερουσαλὴμ καινὴν εἶδον καταβαίνουσαν ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἀπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ, ἡτοιμασμένην ὡς νύμφην κεκοσμημένην τῷ ἀνδρὶ αὐτῆς.
I saw the holy city, New Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared like a bride adorned for her husband.
Luke 17:26-30; 21:20-28
The Days of Noah and Lot, Jerusalem Surrounded by Armies, and the Times of the Gentiles
Jesus warns that the coming of the Son of Man will mirror the days of Noah and Lot: people were eating, drinking, marrying, buying, selling, planting, and building, until the flood and fire suddenly fell and destroyed them all. In chapter 21, he foretells that when Jerusalem is surrounded by armies, its desolation has come near; the inhabitants will fall by the edge of the sword and be led captive into all nations, and Jerusalem will be trampled by the Gentiles until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled. Cosmic signs in the sun, moon, and stars will cause men to faint from fear before the Son of Man comes in a cloud with power.
ὁμοίως καθὼς ἐγένετο ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις Λώτ· ἤσθιον, ἔπινον, ἠγόραζον, ἐπώλουν, ἐφύτευον, ᾠκοδόμουν... κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ ἔσται ᾗ ἡμέρᾳ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἀποκαλύπτεται.
Likewise, even as it happened in the days of Lot: they ate, they drank, they bought, they sold, they planted, they built; but in the day that Lot went out from Sodom, it rained fire and sulfur from the sky, and destroyed them all. It will be the same way in the day that the Son of Man is revealed.
καὶ πεσοῦνται στόματι μαχαίρης καὶ αἰχμαλωτισθήσονται εἰς τὰ ἔθνη πάντα, καὶ Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπὸ ἐθνῶν, ἄχρι οὗ πληρωθῶσιν καιροὶ ἐθνῶν.
They will fall by the edge of the sword, and will be led captive into all the nations. Jerusalem will be trampled by the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.
1 Cor & 1 Thess 15:51-55; 1 Thessalonians 4:13-18
The Mystery of the Last Trumpet, the Voice of the Archangel, and the Bodily Resurrection
The Apostle Paul reveals the apocalyptic mystery of bodily resurrection: 'We will not all sleep, but we will all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, and the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed.' In 1 Thessalonians, he details that the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout of command, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trumpet of God; the dead will rise first, and death will be swallowed up in victory.
ἰδοὺ μυστήριον ὑμῖν λέγω· πάντες οὐ κοιμηθησόμεθα, πάντες δὲ ἀλλαγησόμεθα, ἐν ἀτόμῳ, ἐν ῥιπῇ ὀφθαλμοῦ, ἐν τῇ ἐσχάτῃ σάλπιγγι· σαλπίσει γάρ, καὶ οἱ νεκροὶ ἐγερθήσονται ἄφθαρτοι, καὶ ἡμεῖς ἀλλαγησόμεθα.
Behold, I tell you a mystery. We will not all sleep, but we will all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, and the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed.
ὅτι αὐτὸς ὁ κύριος ἐν κελεύσματι, ἐν φωνῇ ἀρχαγγέλου καὶ ἐν σάλπιγγι θεοῦ, καταβήσεται ἀπ’ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ οἱ νεκροὶ ἐν Χριστῷ ἀναστήσονται πρῶτον,
For the Lord himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trumpet of God; and the dead in Christ will rise first.
2 Tim & 2 Peter 3:1-5; 2 Peter 3:3-13
Moral Collapse in the Last Days, Scoffers Denying the Promise, and the Dissolution of Elements in Fire
Paul describes the perilous times of the last days: people will be lovers of self, lovers of money, boastful, arrogant, abusive, disobedient to parents, ungrateful, unholy, without natural affection, slanderers, without self-control, lovers of pleasure rather than lovers of God. Peter warns that scoffers will mock: 'Where is the promise of his coming? For since the fathers fell asleep, all things continue as they were from the beginning of creation.' But the Day of the Lord will come like a thief; the heavens will pass away with a roar, the elements will dissolve with fervent heat, and the earth and works in it will be laid bare.
Τοῦτο δὲ γίνωσκε, ὅτι ἐν ἐσχάταις ἡμέραις ἐνστήσονται καιροὶ χαλεποί. ἔσονται γὰρ οἱ ἄνθρωποι φίλαυτοι, φιλάργυροι, ἀλαζόνες, ὑπερήφανοι, βλάσφημοι, γονεῦσιν ἀπειθεῖς, ἀχάριστοι, ἀνόσιοι,
Know this, that in the last days, grievous times will come. For people will be lovers of self, lovers of money, boastful, arrogant, blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unthankful, unholy,
Ἥξει δὲ ἡμέρα κυρίου ὡς κλέπτης, ἐν ᾗ οἱ οὐρανοὶ ῥοιζηδὸν παρελεύσονται, στοιχεῖα δὲ καυσούμενα λυθήσεται, καὶ γῆ καὶ τὰ ἐν αὐτῇ ἔργα εὑρεθήσεται.
But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night; in which the heavens will pass away with a great noise, and the elements will be dissolved with fervent heat, and the earth and the works that are in it will be burned up.
Revelation 6:1-17
The Opening of the Six Seals: The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse and the Cosmic Earthquake
The Lamb opens the first six seals of the cosmic scroll. Four horsemen gallop forth: a White Horse (conquest), a Red Horse (taking peace from the earth so men slay one another, universal slaughter), a Black Horse holding a pair of scales (famine where grain is weighed at exorbitant prices), and a Pale Horse named Death and Hades, given power over a fourth of the earth to kill with sword, famine, plague, and wild beasts. The sixth seal produces a colossal earthquake: the sun turns black as sackcloth of hair, the full moon becomes like blood, the stars fall to earth like ripe figs, and kings and generals hide in caves, crying: 'Fall on us and hide us from the wrath of the Lamb!'
καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἄλλος ἵππος πυρρός, καὶ τῷ καθημένῳ ἐπ’ αὐτὸν ἐδόθη αὐτῷ λαβεῖν τὴν εἰρήνην ἐκ τῆς γῆς καὶ ἵνα ἀλλήλους σφάξουσιν, καὶ ἐδόθη αὐτῷ μάχαιρα μεγάλη.
Another horse came out, a red horse. To him who sat on it was given power to take peace from the earth, and that they should kill one another. There was given to him a great sword.
καὶ σεισμὸς μέγας ἐγένετο, καὶ ὁ ἥλιος ἐγένετο μέλας ὡς σάκκος τρίχινος, καὶ ἡ σελήνη ὅλη ἐγένετο ὡς αἷμα, καὶ οἱ ἀστέρες τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἔπεσαν εἰς τὴν γῆν... καὶ ὁ οὐρανὸς ἀπεχωρίσθη ὡς βιβλίον ἑλισσόμενον,
There was a great earthquake. The sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the whole moon became like blood. The stars of the sky fell to the earth... The sky was removed like a scroll when it is rolled up.
Revelation 8:1-13
The Seventh Seal and the Four Trumpets: Hail, Fire, the Star Wormwood, and Darkening of the Skies
Silence fills heaven for half an hour as seven angels are given seven trumpets. At the first trumpet, hail and fire mingled with blood burn a third of the earth and trees. At the second, a great burning mountain is thrown into the sea, turning a third of it into blood. At the third trumpet, a great burning star named Wormwood falls onto the rivers and springs, poisoning the waters so many die. At the fourth trumpet, a third of the sun, moon, and stars are darkened. An eagle flies through midheaven crying: 'Woe, woe, woe to the inhabitants of the earth because of the remaining trumpets!'
καὶ ὁ τρίτος ἄγγελος ἐσάλπισεν· καὶ ἔπεσεν ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἀστὴρ μέγας καιόμενος ὡς λαμπάς, καὶ ἔπεσεν ἐπὶ τὸ τρίτον τῶν ποταμῶν καὶ ἐπὶ τὰς πηγὰς τῶν ὑδάτων. καὶ τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ ἀστέρος λέγεται Ὁ Ἄψινθος. καὶ ἐγένετο τὸ τρίτον τῶν ὑδάτων εἰς ἄψινθον,
The third angel sounded, and a great star fell from the sky, burning like a torch, and it fell on one third of the rivers, and on the springs of water. The name of the star is called 'Wormwood.' One third of the waters became wormwood, and many people died from the waters, because they were made bitter.
Revelation 12:1-17
The Woman Clothed with the Sun, the Great Red Dragon, and Archangel Michael's War in Heaven
A great sign appears in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, with the moon under her feet and a crown of twelve stars on her head, crying out in birth pangs. Another sign appears: an enormous red dragon with seven heads, ten horns, and seven diadems, whose tail sweeps a third of the stars of heaven to earth. The dragon stands before the woman to devour her child, but the child, destined to rule all nations with an iron scepter, is caught up to God. War breaks out in heaven: Michael and his angels fight against the dragon. The dragon (the ancient serpent called the Devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world) is cast down to the earth, enraged because he knows his time is short.
Καὶ ἐγένετο πόλεμος ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ, ὁ Μιχαὴλ καὶ οἱ ἄγγελοι αὐτοῦ τοῦ πολεμῆσαι μετὰ τοῦ δράκοντος... καὶ ἐβλήθη ὁ δράκων ὁ μέγας, ὁ ὄφις ὁ ἀρχαῖος, ὁ καλούμενος Διάβολος καὶ ὁ Σατανᾶς, ὁ πλανῶν τὴν οἰκουμένην ὅλην, ἐβλήθη εἰς τὴν γῆν,
There was war in the sky. Michael and his angels made war on the dragon... The great dragon was thrown down, the old serpent, he who is called the devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world. He was thrown down to the earth, and his angels were thrown down with him.
Comparative Traditions
Please note: these Bible passages are here for comparison and history only. In Islam, proof comes from the Quran and sahih hadith. Reports taken from earlier scriptures (Isra'iliyyat) are not treated as proof.
The War of the Sons of Light Against the Sons of Darkness (Belial)
Discovered in Qumran Cave 1, the War Scroll is an operational apocalyptic battle order for a final 40-year global conflict. The righteous 'Sons of Light', accompanied by the Archangel Michael and holy angels, engage the demonic hordes of 'Belial' (the Kittim/wicked nations). Though the battle oscillates with three defeats on each side, in the seventh lot the great hand of God intervenes decisively to permanently annihilate Belial and all spirits of his lot.
לַמַּשְׂכִּיל סֶרֶךְ הַמִּלְחָמָה. רֵאשִׁית מִשְׁלוֹח יַד בְּנֵי אוֹר לְהָחֵל בְּגוֹרַל בְּנֵי חֹשֶׁךְ בְּחֵיל בְּלִיַּעַל...
For the Master: The Rule of War. The first engagement of the Sons of Light against the lot of the Sons of Darkness, the army of Belial...
וְהֵרִים רָאשׁ גּוֹרַל עַמּוֹ לְעוֹלָם וְשִׁלַּח עֶזְרָה נִצַּחַת לִבְנֵי בְּרִיתוֹ בִּגְבוּרַת הַמַּלְאָךְ מִיכָאֵל...
He will raise the head of His people forever, and will send everlasting help to the sons of His covenant through the might of the Angel Michael...
The Elect Son of Man on the Throne of Glory and the Universal Judgment
Enoch beholds the 'Head of Days' (God) alongside a transcendent figure named the 'Son of Man' / 'Righteous One'. This pre-existent Deliverer is seated upon the Throne of Glory to execute judgment upon the kings and the mighty of the earth, who relied on their wealth and denied the Lord of Spirits. The oppressors are delivered to the angels of punishment, while the righteous shine like lights in the heavenly kingdom.
ወበህየ፡ ርኢኩ፡ ዘቦቱ፡ ርእሰ፡ መዋዕል፡ ወርእሱ፡ ጸዓዳ፡ ከመ፡ ጸምር... ወውእቱ፡ ወልደ፡ እጓለ፡ እመሕያው፡ ዘቦቱ፡ ጽድቅ...
There I saw One who had a Head of Days, and His head was white like wool; and with Him was another whose countenance had the appearance of a man... This is the Son of Man who has righteousness...
ወይደነግፁ፡ አመ፡ ይሬእይዎ፡ ለውእቱ፡ ወልደ፡ ብእሲ፡ እንዘ፡ ይነብር፡ ዲበ፡ መንበረ፡ ስብሐቲሁ...
Pain shall seize them when they see that Son of Man sitting on the throne of his glory...
The Footsteps of the Messiah (Ikvei de-Meshicha): 15 Signs of Moral and Economic Collapse
The Babylonian Talmud records the traditions of the Tannaim and Amoraim regarding the generational crisis directly preceding the coming of the Son of David (the Messiah). The Sages cataloged 15 unmistakable symptoms: unprecedented insolence, hyperinflation where wine is expensive yet plentiful, houses of learning becoming brothels, wisdom of scholars rotting, the righteous despised, truth universally discarded, and youth treating mothers and elders with contempt.
בְּעִקְּבוֹת מְשִׁיחָא חוּצְפָא יִסְגֵּא, וְיוֹקֶר יַאֲמִיר; הַגֶּפֶן תִּתֵּן פִּרְיָהּ וְהַיַּיִן בְּיוֹקֶר, וְהַמַּלְכוּת תֵּהָפֵךְ לְמִינוּת... נַעֲרִים פְּנֵי זְקֵנִים יַלְבִּינוּ, זְקֵנִים יַעַמְדוּ מִפְּנֵי קְטַנִּים, בַּת קָמָה בְאִמָּהּ...
In the footsteps of the Messiah, insolence will increase and prices will soar; the vine will yield its fruit yet wine will be costly; the government will turn to heresy... youth will shame the face of elders, elders will stand before the young, a daughter will rise against her mother...
אֵין בֶּן דָּוִד בָּא עַד שֶׁתִּתְהַפֵּךְ כָּל הַמַּלְכוּת כֻּלָּהּ לְמִינוּת... עַד שֶׁתִּכְלֶה פְּרוּטָה מִן הַכִּיס...
The Son of David will not come until the entire kingdom is converted to heresy... and until the last small coin is depleted from the purse...
The Twelve Parts of the End-Time Tribulation and the Revelation of the Anointed One
Baruch asks God when the end will come, and is shown the division of the last tribulation into twelve epochs: commencement of commotions, slaughter of great ones, death of multitudes, the sending of the sword, famine and withholding of rain, earthquakes and terrors, falling of fire, rapine and oppression, wickedness and unchastity, confusion and mingling of all things, and devastating storms. When these reach their climax, the Anointed One (Messiah) will be revealed, the earth will yield fruit ten-thousandfold, and wild beasts will become peaceful.
ܘܗܟܢܐ ܢܗܘܘܢ ܙܒܢܐ ܕܫܒܛܐ ܗܢܘܢ: ܒܩܕܡܝܐ ܫܘܪܝܐ ܕܕܠܘܚܝܐ... ܒܚܡܝܫܝܐ ܟܦܢܐ ܘܡܬܬܟܠܝܢܘܬܐ ܕܡܛܪܐ... ܒܫܒܝܥܝܐ ܢܦܠܬܐ ܕܢܘܪܐ... ܘܡܐ ܕܫܠܡܘ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܗܠܝܢ: ܢܬܓܠܐ ܡܫܝܚܐ.
And in this manner will the periods of that time be: In the first, the beginning of commotions... in the fifth, famine and the withholding of rain... in the seventh, the falling of fire... and when all these are accomplished, the Anointed One will be revealed.
The Coming of Beliar: Deceptive Miracles of Sun and Moon and the Fiery Judgment
Composed in Jewish Hellenistic circles, Book 3 foretells that from the line of the Sebastenes will come 'Beliar', the arch-deceiver. He will perform dazzling signs: raising mountains, making the sea stand still, making the sun and moon stand stationary, and making the dead appear to rise, yet all will be optical and spiritual deception (*phantasiai*). He will mislead many, until the fiery wrath of God descends from heaven to burn Beliar, his hosts, and the corrupted world.
Ἐκ δὲ Σεβαστηνῶν ἥξει Βελίαρ μετόπισθεν, καὶ στήσει ὀρέων ὕψη, στήσει δὲ θάλασσαν, ἠέλιον πυρόεντα μέγαν λαμπράν τε σελήνην, καὶ νέκυας στήσει καὶ σήματα πολλὰ ποιήσει ἀνθρώποις· ἀλλ’ οὐχὶ τελεσφόρα ἔσσετ’ ἐν αὐτῷ, ἀλλὰ πλάνα·
From the Sebastenes shall Beliar come in later time, and he shall raise the mountain heights, and make the sea stand still, and the fiery sun and shining moon, and make the dead to stand, and do many signs for men; but there will be no true fulfillment in him, but only deception.
The Multiplication of False Prophets, the 'World-Deceiver' (*Kosmoplános*), and the Three Signs of Truth
The Didache (c. late 1st century CE) concludes with an urgent apocalyptic admonition: 'Watch over your life; do not let your lamps go out... for in the last days false prophets and corruptors will be multiplied, sheep will turn into wolves, and love will turn into hate. And then the World-Deceiver (ὁ κοσμοπλάνος) will appear as Son of God, and will do signs and wonders, and the earth will be delivered into his hands, and he will commit iniquities which have never been seen since the beginning of the world. Then human creation will pass through the testing of fire... and then will appear the signs of truth: first the sign of an opening in heaven, second the trumpet's sound, and third the resurrection of the dead.'
ἐν γὰρ ταῖς ἐσχάταις ἡμέραις πληθυνθήσονται οἱ ψευδοπροφῆται καὶ οἱ φθορεῖς... καὶ τότε φανήσεται ὁ κοσμοπλάνος ὡς υἱὸς θεοῦ, καὶ ποιήσει σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα, καὶ ἡ γῆ παραδοθήσεται εἰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ,
For in the last days false prophets and corrupters will be multiplied... and then the World-Deceiver will appear as a son of God, and will perform signs and wonders, and the earth will be delivered into his hands,
The Physical Portrait (Physiognomy) of the Shameless One, Enoch and Elijah's Confrontation, and the Holy War
Preserved in Sahidic and Achmimic Coptic, this ancient apocalypse provides a unique, detailed physical description of the Son of Lawlessness (the Antichrist): he is thin-legged, short, bald in the front, with a blind/defective eye, high eyebrows, and fair skin, performing deceptive celestial wonders such as walking upon water and moving the sun. He is boldly confronted by the ancient prophets Enoch and Elijah, who descend to expose his deception before all nations, leading to their martyrdom and subsequent resurrection before the cosmic fire burns the adversary.
Ϥⲟ ⲛ̅ⲕⲟⲩⲓ ϩⲛ̅ ⲧⲉϥϩⲏⲗⲓⲕⲓⲁ, ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲧⲉ ⲥⲃⲟⲕ, ⲉϥⲟ ⲛ̅ⲃⲗ̅ⲗⲉ ϩⲙ̅ ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲟⲛⲁⲙ... ⲉϥⲛⲁⲣ̅ ϩⲁϩ ⲛ̅ⲥⲏⲙⲉⲓⲟⲛ...
He is small in stature, with thin legs, blind in his right eye... he will perform many signs, he will walk on the sea as on dry land...
The Prophecy of the Seeress: The Age of Axes and Wolves, Fimbulwinter, the Black Sun, and the Renewed Earth
The Völuspá is the supreme masterpiece of Old Norse mythic eschatology. The Seeress (Völva) prophesies the moral degeneration of the cosmos before Ragnarök: 'Brothers will fight and kill each other, sisters' children will defile kinship; an axe-age, a sword-age, shields are splintered, a wind-age, a wolf-age, before the world falls.' The Great Winter (Fimbulwinter) descends, the cosmic wolf Fenrir breaks free and swallows the sun, the Midgard serpent churns the sea, the stars vanish, and fire engulfs the tree of life (Yggdrasil). Yet after the cosmic conflagration, a new green earth emerges from the sea, where crops grow without sowing and the righteous dwell in eternal peace.
Brœðr muno beriaz ok at bǫnom verða[z], muno systrungar sifiom spilla... Sól tér sortna, sígr fold í mar, hverfa af himni heiðar stiǫrnur; geisar eimi við aldrnara, leikr hár hiti við himin siálfan.
Brothers will fight and become each other's slayers, sisters' sons will violate kinship... The sun turns black, earth sinks into the sea, the bright stars vanish from the sky; fire rages against the firmament, high heat plays against heaven itself.
The Tree with Seven Branches: The Iron Age of Moral and Ecological Decay
Zarathushtra is shown a cosmic tree with seven branches made of gold, silver, copper, brass, lead, steel, and iron mixed with clay. The final branch of iron represents the tenth century of the millennium: affection between parent and child ceases, honest merchants are ruined while swindlers prosper, the clouds fail to yield rain in due season, hot and cold winds devastate crops, and sacred oaths are broken without remorse.
u-shan mihr i pidar az pus u birad az birad u dost az dost be shaved...
And affection of father for son, and brother for brother, and friend for friend will depart from them...
ab az chashmagan kam shaved u varan a-hangam bared...
Water will diminish from the springs, and rain will fall out of its proper season...
The Unbinding of Azhi Dahaka (Zahhak): The Apocalyptic Beast Unleashed
The three-headed fiend and tyrant Azhi Dahaka (Zahhak), who had been bound in heavy chains within the depths of Mount Damavand by hero Fredon, breaks his bonds at the climax of the world's distress. Surging forth with demonic fury, he swallows a third of mankind, cattle, and sheep, scorching the land until the ancient hero Keresaspa is awakened from slumber by angels to slay him with his club.
Azh-i Dahak az band be raced... u se-yak az mardoman u charpayan be oparad...
Azhi Dahaka will rush from his bonds... and will swallow one-third of mankind and cattle...
The Saoshyant, Universal Bodily Resurrection, and the River of Molten Metal
The final savior, the Saoshyant, arises to raise the dead from the earth and waters, beginning with the first man, Gayomard. All human beings are assembled in one place for the final judgment. The cosmic mountains collapse and melt into a river of blazing molten metal through which every human soul must walk: for the righteous it feels as soothing as warm milk, while the wicked are purified. Evil (Ahriman) and the serpent are chased into darkness and annihilated, ushering in the eternal, immortal renovation of creation (Frashokereti).
u-shan harvisp mardoman be xezanend, an i zindag u an i murdag...
And they will raise up all men, both those who were living and those who were dead...
pad an ayoxshust i taftag be gozarend... an i ahlaw chun shir i garm paydāg shaved...
Through that melted metal they will pass... to the righteous it will seem as if walking in warm milk...
Symptoms of the Dark Age (Kali Yuga): Decay of Dharma, Wealth as Law, and Moral Collapse
The sage Sukadeva foretells to King Parikshit the exact moral and social degradation of Kali Yuga: religion, truthfulness, cleanliness, tolerance, and memory will deteriorate day by day. In this age, physical wealth alone will be the marker of good birth and virtue; raw power will determine law and justice; deceit will be the primary virtue in business; and rulers, becoming indistinguishable from thieves, will mercilessly rob and tax their subjects until people flee into the forests to subsist on roots and leaves.
ततश्चानुदिनं धर्मः सत्यं शौचं क्षमा दया । कालेन बलिना राजन् नङ्क्ष्यत्यायुर्बलं स्मृतिः ॥ वित्तमेव कलौ नॄणां जन्माचारगुणोदयः । धर्मन्यायव्यवस्थायां कारणं बलमेव हि ॥
Then, day by day, religion, truthfulness, cleanliness, tolerance, mercy, duration of life, physical strength, and memory will all diminish... In the age of Kali, wealth alone will be the sign of good birth, proper behavior, and fine qualities; and power alone will be the determinant of law and justice.
अनावृष्ट्या विनङ्क्ष्यन्ति दुर्भिक्षकरपीडिताः । शीतातपवातवर्षैर्हिमेश्रान्योन्यतः प्रजाः ॥
Harassed by famine and excessive taxes, people will resort to eating leaves, roots, flesh, wild honey, and seeds. Parched by drought, they will become completely ruined.
The Advent of Kalki Avatar: The Warrior Messiah on the White Horse
When the religious practices of the Vedas are virtually lost and the rulers have degenerated into plunderers, the Supreme Lord Vishnu manifests His tenth avatar as Kalki in the home of the pious sage Vishnuyasha in the village of Shambhala. Mounting His swift celestial white horse named Devadatta and brandishing an invincible sword of divine fire, Kalki traverses the globe at lightning speed, slaughtering tens of millions of corrupt kings, robbers, and impious hypocrites. By his divine fragrance and righteous wrath, the minds of the survivors are purified, and the Golden Age of Truth (Satya Yuga) begins anew.
अश्वमाशुगमHandler देवदत्तं जगत्पतिः । असिनाऽसाधुदमनोऽष्टैश्वर्यगुणान्वितः ॥ विचरन्नाशु दुष्टानां राजवेषधृतां नृप । नृपाभानां दशशतान् घातयिष्यत्यनेकशः ॥
Mounting His swift horse Devadatta, the Lord of the universe, endowed with eight divine mystic opulences, will travel over the earth exhibiting His unmatched effulgence. Slaying with His sword in the millions those thieves who have dared dress as kings...
The Seven-Day Sword Interval (Satthantarakappa) and the Advent of Maitreya Buddha
The Buddha details the step-by-step collapse of moral standards over generations: through neglect of the destitute, theft, violence, and falsehood flourish until human lifespan dwindles from 80,000 years to merely 10 years. In that final nadir, humanity enters a seven-day 'Sword Interval' (Satthantarakappa) where humans view one another as wild prey (miga-sañña), seizing makeshift weapons to slaughter each other in uncontrollable bloodlust. A handful of wise people take refuge in mountain caves and thickets. When the slaughter subsides, they emerge, embrace one another with tears, and resolve to practice virtue, reversing the decline. Eventually, when righteousness and lifespan return to 80,000 years, the fully enlightened Buddha Maitreya (Metteyya) will appear to teach the pure Dhamma in an era of boundless joy.
Tesaṃ manussānaṃ dasavassāyukānaṃ samānaṃ sattāhaṃ satthantarakappo bhavissati. Te aññamaññaṃ migasaññaṃ paṭilabhissanti. Tesaṃ tiṇhāni satthāni hatthesu pātubhavissanti...
Among the humans whose lifespan is ten years, there will be a seven-day sword-interval. They will perceive one another as wild game. Sharp swords will appear in their hands, and they will slaughter each other crying: 'There is a wild beast!'...
Asīti-vassasahassāyukesu manussesu metteyyo nāma bhagavā loke uppajjissati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho...
When human lifespan reaches eighty thousand years, the Blessed One named Metteyya (Maitreya) will arise in the world, an Arahant, fully enlightened...
Cosmic Dissolution (Mahapralaya): The Seven Scorching Suns, the Samvartaka Fire, and the Void
At the conclusion of the Kalpa, severe drought strikes the earth for a hundred years, drying up all surface waters. Then the solar rays expand into seven distinct radiant suns that drink up the oceans and rivers until not a drop remains. The subterranean regions and mountains ignite, and the cosmic fire (Samvartaka) sweeps the three worlds, consuming the physical universe in a roaring blaze before torrential clouds submerge the cosmos into cosmic rest.
ततः सप्तविधा भूत्वा सूर्यरश्मयो दिवाकराः। पिबन्त्यशेषं तोयं च समुद्रांश्चापि सर्वशः॥ तेनैव चाग्निनोदीर्णाः समस्ताः पर्वतादयः। दह्यन्ते युगपद् राजन् समन्तात् संप्रदीपिताः॥
Then the solar rays, becoming seven distinct suns, drink up all the waters and the oceans entirely. Stirred by that very heat, all the mountains burst into flames and burn together simultaneously on every side.
The Discourse on the Seven Suns: The Evaporation of Oceans and the Burning of Mount Sineru
The Buddha discourses on the impermanence of all conditioned formations: after a long period, rain ceases completely, withering all plant life. Then a second sun appears, causing small rivers to dry up; a third sun evaporates the great rivers (Ganges, Yamuna, Sarabhu); a fourth sun dries up the great Himalayan lakes; a fifth sun causes the immense ocean to shrink until water is knee-deep, then ankle-deep, then not a puddle remains; a sixth sun causes the great earth and Mount Sineru to smoke and smolder; and when the seventh sun appears, the cosmic world-system bursts into a single sheet of flame extending up to the Brahma realms.
Hoti kho so, bhikkhave, samayo yaṃ kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayena sattamo suriyo pātubhavati. Sattamassa, bhikkhave, suriyassa pātubhāvā ayañca mahāpathavī sineru ca pabbatarājā ādippanti pajjalanti ekajālā bhavanti...
Monks, there comes a time after a vast period when a seventh sun appears. With the appearance of the seventh sun, this great earth and Sineru, the king of mountains, ignite, blaze up, and become one sheet of flame...