Al Fitan

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832
كتاب الفتن
نعيم بن حماد المروزي (ت ٢٢٨ هـ)

Kitab al-Fitan (Nu'aym ibn Hammad) 833

في الرايات الثلاث
834
Kitab al-Fitan (Nu'aym ibn Hammad)vol. 2, p. 276Ungradedكتاب الفتن لنعيم بن حمادج ٢ ص ٢٧٦ · عن ارطاهفي الرايات الثلاث

Kitab al-Fitan of Nu'aym ibn Hammad: ungraded, and weak overall. Never established on its own.

حدثنا الحكم بن نافع، عن جراح، عن أرطاة، قال: " إذا اجتمع الترك والروم، وخسف بقرية بدمشق، وسقط طائفة من غربي مسجدها، رفع بالشام ثلاث رايات: الأبقع، والأصهب، والسفياني، ويحصر بدمشق رجل فيقتل ومن معه، ويخرج رجلان من بني أبي سفيان، فيكون الظفر للثاني، فإذا أقبلت مادة الأبقع من مصر ظهر السفياني بجيشه عليهم، فيقتل الترك والروم بقرقيسيا حتى تشبع سباع الأرض من لحومهم "

If the Turks and the Romans meet, and a village in Damascus is eclipsed, and a group west of its mosque falls, then three flags are raised in the Sham (Greater Syria): the Aqaba, the Redhead, and the Sufyani. A man is besieged in Damascus and he is killed and those with him, and two men from the Banu Abi Sufyan are expelled, and the victory is for the second. If the Aqaba’s army arrives from Egypt, the Sufyani appears with his army against them, and the Turks and the Romans are killed in Qarqisiya until the lions of the earth are satisfied with their flesh.

الحكم بن نافعجراحأرطاةautomatic reading, unverified

Grading (tahqiq)

Ungraded

Hadith commentary (sharh)

EN

Scholarly Commentary & Context

Synthesized commentary, isnad grading & cross-references

[Collection & Reference]: Narration #833 in Kitab al-Fitan (Nu'aym ibn Hammad).

[Scholarly Verification Notice]: Recorded in Nu'aym ibn Hammad's Kitab al-Fitan (d. 228 AH). Hadith scholars classify this historical compilation as ungraded and weak overall; its isolated reports are not accepted as established doctrine unless corroborated by standard Sahih works.

[Core Subject]: The Sufyani is a figure from the descendants of Abu Sufyan who, according to some reports, will rise in Sham before the Mahdi, spread oppression, and send an army that is swallowed by the earth.

[Described Characteristics]: There is no narration about the Sufyani in Bukhari, Muslim or the other six books. The reports come mainly from Nu'aym ibn Hammad's Kitab al-Fitan and al-Hakim's al-Mustadrak; al-Dhahabi and other critics judged them weak or very weak.

[Timeline & Context]: The weak reports put him before the Mahdi. Because they are weak, no firm order can be built on them.

[Prophetic Practice]: Build your understanding of the end on what is authentic, and leave what is weak to the specialists.

[Core Subject]: Al-Rum, the Romans, were the Byzantine Empire in the Prophet's time. Many narrations about the end speak of the Muslims' relations with them: a truce, a joint war, then the great battle.

[Described Characteristics]: Amr ibn al-As heard that the Hour will come when the Romans are the most numerous of people, and he listed their good qualities: they are the most forbearing in trial, the quickest to recover after a disaster, the best to the poor, orphans and the weak, and they resist the oppression of kings.

[Timeline & Context]: Their part runs through the whole time before the Dajjal: first the truce, then the war, then the conquest of Constantinople.

[Prophetic Practice]: Amr's words teach fairness: name the good in others even when speaking of conflict.

[Core Subject]: The Prophet ﷺ foretold that the Muslims would fight a people with small eyes, red faces, flat noses and faces like hammered shields, who wear shoes of hair.

[Described Characteristics]: The narrations in Bukhari and Muslim give only this description and say the fighting is among the signs before the Hour.

[Timeline & Context]: Scholars place it among the events foretold for the early centuries.

[Prophetic Practice]: Baghdad fell after years of internal division. Unity is a protection.

[Core Subject]: Three great collapses of the earth (khusuf): one in the east, one in the west, and one in the Arabian Peninsula. Whole areas will sink into the ground.

[Described Characteristics]: The narration names them as three of the ten great signs and gives no further detail. A separate sahih narration describes an army that marches to attack the Ka'bah and is swallowed by the earth in a desert plain (al-Bayda').

[Timeline & Context]: They are among the ten great signs, which come close together near the end.

[Prophetic Practice]: When the Prophet ﷺ saw a strong wind or dark cloud, his face changed and he turned to Allah in dua until it passed.

[Geographical Locations]: Mentioned in narration : Damascus, Sham (Greater Syria), Egypt.

Commentaries by classical hadith scholars. The Arabic texts are shown as published.

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