Al Fitan

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840
كتاب الفتن
نعيم بن حماد المروزي (ت ٢٢٨ هـ)

Kitab al-Fitan (Nu'aym ibn Hammad) 841

في الرايات التي تفترق في أرض مصر والشام وغيرها، والسفياني وظهوره عليهم
842
Kitab al-Fitan (Nu'aym ibn Hammad)vol. 2, p. 288Ungradedكتاب الفتن لنعيم بن حمادج ٢ ص ٢٨٨ · عن عليفي الرايات التي تفترق في أرض مصر والشام وغيرها، والسفياني وظهوره عليهم

Kitab al-Fitan of Nu'aym ibn Hammad: ungraded, and weak overall. Never established on its own.

حدثنا الوليد، ورشدين، عن ابن لهيعة، عن أبي قبيل، عن أبي رومان، عن علي، قال: " إذا اختلفت أصحاب الرايات السود خسف بقرية من قرى أرم، ويسقط جانب مسجدها الغربي، ثم تخرج بالشام ثلاث رايات: الأصهب، والأبقع، والسفياني، فيخرج السفياني من الشام، والأبقع من مصر، فيظهر السفياني عليهم "

If the owners of the black flags disagree, one of the villages of Iram will be eclipsed, and the western side of its mosque will fall. Then three banners will emerge in the Sham (Greater Syria): the reddish, the spotted, and the Sufyani. The Sufyani will emerge from the Sham (Greater Syria), and the spotted from Egypt, and the Sufyani will appear over them.

الوليدابن لهيعةأبي قبيلأبي رومانعليautomatic reading, unverified

Grading (tahqiq)

Ungraded

Hadith commentary (sharh)

EN

Scholarly Commentary & Context

Synthesized commentary, isnad grading & cross-references

[Collection & Reference]: Narration #841 in Kitab al-Fitan (Nu'aym ibn Hammad).

[Scholarly Verification Notice]: Recorded in Nu'aym ibn Hammad's Kitab al-Fitan (d. 228 AH). Hadith scholars classify this historical compilation as ungraded and weak overall; its isolated reports are not accepted as established doctrine unless corroborated by standard Sahih works.

[Core Subject]: The Sufyani is a figure from the descendants of Abu Sufyan who, according to some reports, will rise in Sham before the Mahdi, spread oppression, and send an army that is swallowed by the earth.

[Described Characteristics]: There is no narration about the Sufyani in Bukhari, Muslim or the other six books. The reports come mainly from Nu'aym ibn Hammad's Kitab al-Fitan and al-Hakim's al-Mustadrak; al-Dhahabi and other critics judged them weak or very weak.

[Timeline & Context]: The weak reports put him before the Mahdi. Because they are weak, no firm order can be built on them.

[Prophetic Practice]: Build your understanding of the end on what is authentic, and leave what is weak to the specialists.

[Core Subject]: Black banners coming from the east, from Khurasan, appear in several reports as an army that comes before or with the Mahdi.

[Described Characteristics]: The best-known reports say: 'Black banners will come from Khurasan and nothing will turn them back until they are planted in Iliya (Jerusalem)', and 'If you see them, go to them even crawling over snow'. Hadith scholars graded these reports weak.

[Timeline & Context]: No sahih narration fixes their time.

[Prophetic Practice]: A flag's colour proves nothing. Judge any group by the Quran and Sunnah, not by its claims about prophecy.

[Core Subject]: Three great collapses of the earth (khusuf): one in the east, one in the west, and one in the Arabian Peninsula. Whole areas will sink into the ground.

[Described Characteristics]: The narration names them as three of the ten great signs and gives no further detail. A separate sahih narration describes an army that marches to attack the Ka'bah and is swallowed by the earth in a desert plain (al-Bayda').

[Timeline & Context]: They are among the ten great signs, which come close together near the end.

[Prophetic Practice]: When the Prophet ﷺ saw a strong wind or dark cloud, his face changed and he turned to Allah in dua until it passed.

[Geographical Locations]: Mentioned in narration : Sham (Greater Syria), Egypt.

Commentaries by classical hadith scholars. The Arabic texts are shown as published.

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