Al Fitan

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1008
كتاب الفتن
نعيم بن حماد المروزي (ت ٢٢٨ هـ)

Kitab al-Fitan (Nu'aym ibn Hammad) 1009

خروج المهدي من مكة إلى بيت المقدس والشام، بعدما يبايع له وما يكون في مسيره بينه وبين السفياني وأصحابه
1010
Kitab al-Fitan (Nu'aym ibn Hammad)vol. 2, p. 349Ungradedكتاب الفتن لنعيم بن حمادج ٢ ص ٣٤٩ · عن من، سمع علياخروج المهدي من مكة إلى بيت المقدس والشام، بعدما يبايع له وما يكون في مسيره بينه وبين السفياني وأصحابه

Kitab al-Fitan of Nu'aym ibn Hammad: ungraded, and weak overall. Never established on its own.

حدثنا عبد الله بن مروان، عن الهيثم بن عبد الرحمن، قال: حدثني من، سمع عليا، رضي الله عنه يقول: " إذا بعث السفياني إلى المهدي جيشا فخسف بهم بالبيداء، وبلغ ذلك أهل الشام قالوا لخليفتهم: قد خرج المهدي فبايعه وادخل في طاعته، وإلا قتلناك، فيرسل إليه بالبيعة ويسير المهدي حتى ينزل بيت المقدس، وتنقل إليه الخزائن، وتدخل العرب والعجم وأهل الحرب والروم وغيرهم في طاعته من غير قتال، حتى تبنى المساجد بالقسطنطينية وما دونها، ويخرج قبله رجل من أهل بيته بأهل المشرق، يحمل السيف على عاتقه ثمانية أشهر، يقتل ويمثل، ويتوجه إلى بيت المقدس، فلا يبلغه حتى يموت "

If Al-Sufyani sends an army to the Mahdi and he overwhelms them in Al-Bayda, and this reaches the people of the Sham (Greater Syria), they say to their caliph: The Mahdi has left, so pledge allegiance to him and enter into obedience to him, otherwise we will kill you. Then he will be sent to him with the pledge of allegiance, and the Mahdi will travel until he descends on Jerusalem, and the treasuries will be transferred to him, and the Arabs, Persians, people of war, Romans, and others will enter into obedience to him without fighting, until mosques are built in Constantinople and below, and a man from the people of Jerusalem will emerge before him. His home is among the people of the East. He carries the sword on his shoulder for eight months. He kills and mutilates. He heads to Jerusalem, and does not reach it until he dies.

عبد الله بن مروانالهيثم بن عبد الرحمنمنautomatic reading, unverified

Grading (tahqiq)

Ungraded

Hadith commentary (sharh)

EN

Scholarly Commentary & Context

Synthesized commentary, isnad grading & cross-references

[Collection & Reference]: Narration #1009 in Kitab al-Fitan (Nu'aym ibn Hammad).

[Scholarly Verification Notice]: Recorded in Nu'aym ibn Hammad's Kitab al-Fitan (d. 228 AH). Hadith scholars classify this historical compilation as ungraded and weak overall; its isolated reports are not accepted as established doctrine unless corroborated by standard Sahih works.

[Core Subject]: The Mahdi ('the rightly guided one') is a man from the Prophet's family, through Fatimah, who will lead the Muslims near the end of time and fill the earth with justice as it had been filled with oppression.

[Described Characteristics]: His name will match the Prophet's name and his father's name the Prophet's father's name (Muhammad ibn Abdullah). He has a broad forehead and a fine, high nose. He rules for seven years, wealth is plentiful in his time, and he gives it out by the handful without counting. Isa (AS) descends while he is about to lead the prayer.

[Timeline & Context]: He comes before the Dajjal, in the time of the great wars with the Romans, around the conquest of Constantinople and the descent of Isa (AS).

[Prophetic Practice]: Waiting for a rescuer is not the Sunnah. Work for justice where you are, and do not follow anyone who claims the title.

[Core Subject]: The Sufyani is a figure from the descendants of Abu Sufyan who, according to some reports, will rise in Sham before the Mahdi, spread oppression, and send an army that is swallowed by the earth.

[Described Characteristics]: There is no narration about the Sufyani in Bukhari, Muslim or the other six books. The reports come mainly from Nu'aym ibn Hammad's Kitab al-Fitan and al-Hakim's al-Mustadrak; al-Dhahabi and other critics judged them weak or very weak.

[Timeline & Context]: The weak reports put him before the Mahdi. Because they are weak, no firm order can be built on them.

[Prophetic Practice]: Build your understanding of the end on what is authentic, and leave what is weak to the specialists.

[Core Subject]: Al-Rum, the Romans, were the Byzantine Empire in the Prophet's time. Many narrations about the end speak of the Muslims' relations with them: a truce, a joint war, then the great battle.

[Described Characteristics]: Amr ibn al-As heard that the Hour will come when the Romans are the most numerous of people, and he listed their good qualities: they are the most forbearing in trial, the quickest to recover after a disaster, the best to the poor, orphans and the weak, and they resist the oppression of kings.

[Timeline & Context]: Their part runs through the whole time before the Dajjal: first the truce, then the war, then the conquest of Constantinople.

[Prophetic Practice]: Amr's words teach fairness: name the good in others even when speaking of conflict.

[Core Subject]: Constantinople, today's Istanbul, was the capital of the Romans. The Prophet ﷺ foretold that the Muslims would conquer it.

[Described Characteristics]: In Sahih Muslim, after the great battle the Muslims reach the city and conquer it without weapons: at the first 'La ilaha illallah wallahu akbar' one side of its wall falls, at the second the other side, at the third the way opens. While they are dividing the spoils, a cry goes up that the Dajjal has come among their families.

[Timeline & Context]: The conquest comes right after the great battle and just before the Dajjal.

[Prophetic Practice]: The city falls to dhikr, not weapons. La ilaha illallah wallahu akbar is worth more than we think.

[Core Subject]: Three great collapses of the earth (khusuf): one in the east, one in the west, and one in the Arabian Peninsula. Whole areas will sink into the ground.

[Described Characteristics]: The narration names them as three of the ten great signs and gives no further detail. A separate sahih narration describes an army that marches to attack the Ka'bah and is swallowed by the earth in a desert plain (al-Bayda').

[Timeline & Context]: They are among the ten great signs, which come close together near the end.

[Prophetic Practice]: When the Prophet ﷺ saw a strong wind or dark cloud, his face changed and he turned to Allah in dua until it passed.

[Core Subject]: An army that marches to attack one seeking refuge at the Kaaba will be swallowed by the earth at al-Bayda, between Mecca and Medina.

[Described Characteristics]: A'ishah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said an army would come against the House (the Kaaba), and when they were at a level stretch of land (al-Bayda) they would be swallowed, the first of them and the last; she asked how those forced along without their will would fare, and he said they would be swallowed with them but raised according to their intentions (Sahih Muslim 2884; cf. Abu Dawud 4286).

[Timeline & Context]: Reported among the events of the end of time, in several narrations tied to the era of the Mahdi; scholars set no date.

[Prophetic Practice]: Guard your intentions and the company you march with; a person is gathered on the Day of Resurrection according to what was in the heart.

[Geographical Locations]: Mentioned in narration : Baitul Maqdis (Jerusalem), Sham (Greater Syria), Constantinople (Istanbul).

Commentaries by classical hadith scholars. The Arabic texts are shown as published.

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